Question

【題目】

The rockets take astronauts and man-made satellites into space. The satellites are used for communication, weather monitoring and research. But how do satellites stay up without Falling down?

There are two opposite forces acting on the satellite. One of them is the force of gravitation(地心引力), which tries to pull the satellite toward the earth. The other force is created by the rotation (旋轉(zhuǎn))of the satellite around the earth. This force tries to take the satellite away from the earth. With these two forces, the satellite goes round and round. The gravitational pull of the earth is like a rope which keeps the satellite from flying away.

Everything that goes up has to come down. It is only a matter of time before a satellite comes back to the earth. As time goes by, the satellite loses its speed, which makes the gravitational pull stronger than the force pulling it away. This makes the satellite crash (墜落)down to the earth.

【1】The force that pulls the satellite towards the earth is created by ________.

A. the earthB. the satellite itself

C. the rotation of the satelliteD. the rope

【2】Why can't the satellites fly away?

A. Because of the force from the earth.

B. Because the satellite is too big.

C. Because of the force created by the rotation of the satellite around the earth.

D. Because people on earth have made ropes to tie the satellites tightly.

【3】Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. There are four forces acting on the satellite.

B. The force of gravitation makes the satellite go round and round.

C. As time goes by, the satellite will finally fall down.

D. The satellite will stay in space forever.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】A

【3】C

【解析】

火箭把人造衛(wèi)星送入太空，那人造衛(wèi)星是怎樣保持上升而不下落的呢？短文中作者給我們解釋了這其中的道理。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第二段中One of them is the force of gravitation(地心引力), which tries to pull the satellite toward the earth. 可知，把衛(wèi)星拉向地球的力是地心引力，這種力是地球引起的，故應(yīng)選A。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第二段最后一句話The gravitational pull of the earth is like a rope which keeps the satellite from flying away.可知，地球的引力就像一根繩子，它保持衛(wèi)星不會飛走。由此可知應(yīng)選A。

【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文最后一段As time goes by, the satellite loses its speed, which makes the gravitational pull stronger than the force pulling it away. This makes the satellite crash (墜落)down to the earth可知，隨著時間的推移，衛(wèi)星的速度越來越慢，這就使引力比拉力更強(qiáng)，所以衛(wèi)星為墜落到地球上。因此C選項是正確的。

這是一篇科普類的說明文，短文中講述了人造衛(wèi)星進(jìn)入太空后能保持上升而不下落的原因。這種科普類的文章在理解上稍有難度，它與學(xué)生們的其他學(xué)科知識有關(guān)，這些背景的知識可以幫助學(xué)生理解短文。做題時，應(yīng)盡力把握文章主旨，了解作者的寫作意圖。對長難句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，弄清楚句意。這篇短文中出現(xiàn)的生詞不是很多，有些生詞注釋了漢語意思，減少了閱讀的難度。題目設(shè)置有細(xì)節(jié)理解題和推理判斷題，細(xì)節(jié)題考查學(xué)生們對文章事實信息的理解，答案�？梢灾苯釉谠�文找到。如第2小題，根據(jù)題干中關(guān)鍵詞can’t fly away可以定位到短文第二段最后一句話，The gravitational pull of the earth is like a rope which keeps the satellite from flying away.可知，地球的引力就像一根繩子，它保持衛(wèi)星不會飛走。A選項中the force from the earth 與原文 the gravitational pull of the earth同義，都是指“地球引力”，故應(yīng)選A。