【題目】 同學(xué)們聽說過天山的雪蓮嗎，它主要生長在海拔3000米以上的懸崖峭壁之中。在20世紀(jì)五六十年代，天山野生雪蓮可生長區(qū)域面積大約有300萬公頃，但目前僅剩下60萬公頃左右了。據(jù)此完成下列各題。

【1】從材料可知，雪蓮生長的環(huán)境是（ ）

A.低緩的丘陵B.高寒的山區(qū)C.濕熱的平原D.干旱的沙漠

【2】導(dǎo)致天山野生雪蓮可生長區(qū)域面積大量減少的主要原因是（ ）

A.地震災(zāi)害頻發(fā)B.農(nóng)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整C.全球氣候變暖D.水土流失嚴(yán)重

【答案】

【1】B

【2】C

【解析】

天山野生雪蓮是新疆特有的珍奇名貴中草藥；生長于天山山脈海拔3000米左右的懸崖陡壁之上、冰漬巖縫之中；那里氣候奇寒、終年積雪不化，一般植物根本無法生存，而雪蓮卻能在零下幾十度的嚴(yán)寒中和空氣稀薄的缺氧環(huán)境中傲霜斗雪、頑強(qiáng)生長。這種獨(dú)有的生存習(xí)性和獨(dú)特的生長環(huán)境使其天然而稀有，并造就了它獨(dú)特的藥理作用和神奇的藥用價(jià)值，人們奉雪蓮為“百草之王”、“藥中極品”。

【1】天山的雪蓮主要生長在海拔3000米以上的懸崖峭壁之中，海拔每升高1千米氣溫下降6度左右，因此天山從山腳到山頂溫度差別極大，海拔3000米以上的懸崖峭壁溫度很低，是高寒山區(qū)，故天山野生雪蓮生長的適宜環(huán)境是高寒的山區(qū)。故選：B。

【2】天山野生雪蓮主要生長在海拔3000米以上雪線附近的懸崖峭壁之中，生長在高寒的山區(qū)，環(huán)境險(xiǎn)峻，人類攀爬困難，采摘更為困難，由于全球氣候變暖，破壞了天山野生雪蓮的生長環(huán)境，使其適合生存的區(qū)域越來越小，導(dǎo)致天山野生雪蓮可生長區(qū)域面積大量減少。故選：C。

本題主要考查新疆的自然環(huán)境和生態(tài)環(huán)境問題，理解解答即可。

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