【題目】某國(guó)2014年初共有人口500萬(wàn)人,該年內(nèi)出生并成活嬰兒4.85萬(wàn)人,死亡人95.2萬(wàn)人。據(jù)此回答下列各題。

1該國(guó)2014年度的人口自然增長(zhǎng)率為

A. 20.1% B. -0.7% C. 0.7% D. 7%

2目前該國(guó)面臨的問(wèn)題可能是

A. 人口增長(zhǎng)過(guò)快,就業(yè)壓力過(guò)大 B. 人口老齡化嚴(yán)重

C. 環(huán)境惡化,住房緊張 D. 勞動(dòng)力過(guò)剩

【答案】

1 B

2 B

【解析】

人口增長(zhǎng)率是由人口出生率減去人口死亡率,人口的增長(zhǎng)不僅取決于人口出生率,還取決于人口死亡率。

1由題目可知,該國(guó)的人口出生率是9.7‰,死亡率是10.4‰,所以人口自然增長(zhǎng)率是由9.7‰-10.4‰=-0.7‰,故選B。

2由上題可知,該國(guó)人口出生率出現(xiàn)了負(fù)數(shù),說(shuō)明該國(guó)人口出現(xiàn)了負(fù)增長(zhǎng),這樣會(huì)使該國(guó)面臨人口老齡化的問(wèn)題,故選B。

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