甲、乙、丙、丁四只燒杯中,都盛有質(zhì)量分數(shù)為10%的氯化鈉溶液90g
(1)甲杯中投入10gNaCl,攪拌至全部溶解后,所得溶液的質(zhì)量分數(shù)是______.
(2)乙杯中注入10g水稀釋,稀釋后NaCl溶液中的溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量分數(shù)是______.
(3)丙杯中加入10g溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分數(shù)為20%的氯化鈉溶液,混合后溶液中溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量分數(shù)是______.
(4)丁杯中蒸發(fā)10g水濃縮(無晶體析出),所得溶液中溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量分數(shù)______.
解:(1)甲杯中投入10gNaCl,攪拌至全部溶解后,溶液中溶質(zhì)、溶液質(zhì)量都增大,所得溶液的質(zhì)量分數(shù)=
×100%=19%;
(2)乙杯中注入10g水稀釋,溶液質(zhì)量增加,溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量不變,稀釋后NaCl溶液中的溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量分數(shù)=
×100%=9%;
(3)丙杯中加入10g溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分數(shù)為20%的氯化鈉溶液,混合后溶液、溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量均為兩溶液之和,混合后溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量分數(shù)=
×100%=11%;
(4)丁杯中蒸發(fā)10g水濃縮(無晶體析出),溶質(zhì)不變,溶液減小,所得溶液中溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量分數(shù)=
×100%=11.25%
故答案為:(1)19%;(2)9%;(3)11%;(4)11.25%.
分析:分析各種改變對溶液組成的影響,利用溶液的溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分數(shù)=
,計算改變后溶液的溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分數(shù).
點評:本題對利用溶液的溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分數(shù)=
,計算溶液的溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分數(shù)進行訓(xùn)練;對待此類問題,抓住分析改變后溶液的組成即抓住了問題的本質(zhì).