解:(1)(-20)+(-18)-(-14)
=-38+14
=-24;
(2)
=(
-
)-(
+
)
=-1-1
=-2;
(3)-36÷(
)
=-36÷
=-48;
(4)
=-1-
×[3-9]
=-1-
×[-6]
=-1+1
=0;
(5)
=(-
-
+
)×24
=-
×24-
×24+
×24
=-16-20+22
=-14;
(6)(-2)
3÷16-(-0.125)×(-4)
2=-8÷16-(-0.125)×16
=-0.5+2
=1.5;
(7)
=-8-[-7+(1-0.4)÷(-3)]
=-8-[-7+0.6÷(-3)]
=-8-[-7-0.2]
=-8+7.2
=-0.8;
(8)
=
÷
-
×16
=
-
=-3
.
分析:(1)根據(jù)加減混合運(yùn)算的順序和法則計(jì)算即可;
(2)先算同分母分?jǐn)?shù),再相加即可;
(3)先算括號里面的,再算括號外面的乘法;
(4)(6)(8)按照有理數(shù)混合運(yùn)算的順序,先乘方后乘除最后算加減,有括號的先算括號里面的;
(5)運(yùn)用乘法的分配律計(jì)算;
(7)先算括號里面的,再算括號外面的減法.
點(diǎn)評:本題考查的是有理數(shù)的運(yùn)算能力.注意:
(1)要正確掌握運(yùn)算順序,在混合運(yùn)算中要特別注意運(yùn)算順序:先三級,后二級,再一級;有括號的先算括號里面的;同級運(yùn)算按從左到右的順序;
(2)去括號法則:--得+,-+得-,++得+,+-得-.