計(jì)算:
(1)(-3a)3-(-a)•(-3a)2
(2)4-(-2)-2-32÷(3.14-π)0
(3)-0.2514×230
(4)1982
(5)(-2x) 2•(-0.5xy3);
(6)(3x2y-2x+1)(-2xy)
(7)(-4x-y)(4x-y)
(8)-3a(a-b)2;
(9)(a+2b-3c)(a-2b-3c)
(10)(2a+b)2(2a-b)2
解:(1)(-3a)
3-(-a)•(-3a)
2,
=-27a
3+a×9a
2,
=-18a
3;
(2)4-(-2)
-2-3
2÷(3.14-π)
0,
=4-
-9×1,
=-
;
(3)-0.25
14×2
30,
=-(
)
14×2
30,
=-2
-28×2
30,
=-4;
(4)198
2=(200-2)
2,
=200
2-2×200×2+2
2,
=40000-800+4,
=39204;
(5)(-2x)
2•(-0.5xy
3),
=4x
2•(-
xy
3),
=-2x
3y
3;
(6)(3x
2y-2x+1)(-2xy),
=3x
2y•(-2xy)+(-2x)•(-2xy)+1•(-2xy),
=-6x
3y
2+4x
2y-2xy;
(7)(-4x-y)(4x-y),
=(-y-4x)(-y+4x),
=(-y)
2-(4x)
2,
=y
2-16x
2;
(8)-3a(a-b)
2,
=-3a(a
2-2ab+b
2),
=-3a•a
2-(-3a)•2ab+(-3a)•b
2,
=-3a
3+6a
2b-3ab
2;
(9)(a+2b-3c)(a-2b-3c),
=(a-3c+2b)(a-3c-2b),
=(a-3c)
2-(2b)
2,
=(a
2-6ac+9c
2)-4b
2,
=a
2-6ac+9c
2-4b
2;
(10)(2a+b)
2(2a-b)
2,
=[(2a+b)(2a-b)]
2,
=[(2a)
2-b
2]
2,
=(4a
2-b
2)
2,
=16a
4-8a
2b
2+b
4.
分析:根據(jù)整式的運(yùn)算順序,先算乘除,后算加減,有括號(hào)先算括號(hào)里面的,乘法運(yùn)算時(shí),系數(shù)與系數(shù)相乘,相同字母與相同字母相乘,底數(shù)不變指數(shù)相加,再根據(jù)整式除法法則,系數(shù)與系數(shù)相除,相同字母與相同字母相除,底數(shù)不變指數(shù)相減,能用完全公式或平方差公式的可運(yùn)用公式,可減小計(jì)算量,分別得出結(jié)果即可.
點(diǎn)評(píng):此題主要考查了整式的混合運(yùn)算,以及運(yùn)用公式進(jìn)行整式運(yùn)算,題難度不大,關(guān)鍵是注意運(yùn)算的順序以及符號(hào)問題.