Question

【題目】 It is a question that has confused parents for many years: why do children refuse to eat greens?

Now, two American experts believe they have the answer.

After studying dozens of babies as they played with various objects, the researchers noted that they were far more unwilling to touch plants than other things. They believe this is because evolution (生物進(jìn)化) has biologically made children be wary of plants.

Due to susceptibility (敏感性) to illness or injury in the early years of life, the body has designed an inner defence mechanism (內(nèi)部保護(hù)機(jī)制) that limits a child’ s contact with plants, they think. The researchers believe this is why children turn their noses up when faced with a plate of broad beans.

The findings are published in a paper by Dr. Annie E Wertz and Dr. Karen Wynn, both psychologists at Yale University.

They wrote, “Throughout human evolution... plants have been important in human’s life. Yet, for all of these benefits, plants have always caused very real dangers.”

“Plants produce toxins (毒素) as defences that can be harmful, or even deadly. Some plants also produce physical defences, such as thorns (荊棘) can damage tissues (組織) and cause effects over the whole body.”

They added, “We predicted that babies may have behavioural strategies that reduce dangers caused by plants.”

To test their theory, the researchers studied how children aged eight to 18 months old reacted when presented with a variety of objects. It took much longer for children to grab plants; objects that were pretended to look like plants also caused a slow response time.

For parents attempting to spoon some peas into the mouth of their child, this finding should come as welcome relief.

【1】The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refers to_____?

A.the parentsB.the researchersC.the babiesD.the plants

【2】What does the underlined word “wary” in the third paragraph mean?

A.CuriousB.AfraidC.TiredD.Certain

【3】What did early humans probably do in order to keep away from illness or injury?

A.They choose to make more man-made things.B.They didn’t allowed their children to touch plants.

C.They chose to have little contact with plants.D.They tried very hard to escape from the past.

【4】What was plants’ role in early human’s life?

A.They were important, in spite of danger.

B.They reacted badly to human evolution.

C.They contributed to the most deaths and illness.

D.They developed human physical defenses against dangers.

【5】What’s the passage mainly about?

A.Why some plants are harmful.B.How humans react to plants.

C.Why children don’t like to eat greens.D.When children from behavioural strategies.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】B

【3】C

【4】A

【5】C

【解析】

對(duì)孩子為什么拒絕吃蔬菜的這一現(xiàn)象，美國(guó)的專家通過(guò)研究給出了科學(xué)的解釋。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)上文After studying dozens of babies as they played with various objects可知此處they指代的是用于研究的babies，故選C。

【2】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文they were far more unwilling to touch plants than other things 他們不愿意接觸植物，對(duì)比選項(xiàng)A好奇的；B.害怕的；C.累的；D.肯定的，可以推斷嬰兒害怕植物，故選B。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Due to susceptibility (敏感性) to illness or injury in the early years of life, the body has designed an inner defence mechanism (內(nèi)部保護(hù)機(jī)制) that limits a child’ s contact with plants可知早起人們?yōu)榱朔乐股�病受傷害�?huì)避免接觸植物，故選C。

【4】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段Throughout human evolution... plants have been important in human’s life. Yet, for all of these benefits, plants have always caused very real dangers.可知早期人們認(rèn)為植物在人們的生活中是重要的，但是也很危險(xiǎn)，故選A。

【5】主旨大意題。根據(jù)短文主要解釋了為什么孩子不喜歡吃蔬菜的原因，故選C。

細(xì)節(jié)理解題是閱讀中最常見(jiàn)的題型。細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案，例如小題4，根據(jù)原文plants have been important in human’s life. Yet, for all of these benefits, plants have always caused very real dangers.可知植物在人們的生活中很重要但是也很危險(xiǎn)，故選A。