Question

【題目】 One Monday morning, Paul and his classmates were in the science laboratory for their chemistry lesson. The students were going to work in pairs to do an experiment. Before they began, the teacher gave them this description of the different stages of the experiment.

Stage 1: Prepare the equipment: a test tube, a crucible（坩堝）, a Bunsen burner（煤氣燈）and tongs（鉗子）.

Stage 2: Weigh 5 grams of baking soda (小蘇打) and put it in a crucible.

Stage 3: Heat 10 ml of hydrochloric acid (鹽酸) in a test tube.

Stage 4: Pour the warm acid onto the baking soda and continue to heat the mixture.

Result: The acid reacts with the bicarbonate（碳酸氫鹽）to form water, carbon dioxide gas and salt.

The hotter the mixture, the quicker the reaction. Continue to heat the mixture until the water evaporates（蒸發(fā)）, leaving the salt in the crucible.

Paul and his partner followed the instructions and set up their equipment. Paul went to the cupboard to get a bottle of hydrochloric acid. He found that there was only one bottle in the cupboard so he took that. There was no label on the bottle and Paul didn’t check with the teacher if it was the right solution(溶液).

He measured the liquid and poured it into a test tube. Using tongs to hold the test tube, he heated it over the Bunsen burner. That’s when things started to go wrong. The liquid in the test tube was not hydrochloric acid. When it was heated, it formed a thick cloud of white gas. Soon the room was full of this strong smelling white gas.

All the students started coughing and their eyes hurt. The teacher immediately opened the windows and ordered the students to leave the laboratory at once. She realized that the liquid was acrylamide (丙烯酰胺) and that it is poisonous.

Fortunately, nobody was injured in the incident. However, it taught the students and the teacher a good lesson.

【1】The teacher and her students planned to make ________ in the experiment.

A.waterB.saltC.acrylamideD.carbon dioxide gas

【2】How can they make the reaction quicker?

A.By putting more hydrochloric acid.B.By heating the hydrochloric acid.

C.By making the water cooler.D.By making the mixture hotter.

【3】Why did Paul make the mistake?

A.There was only one bottle.B.His partner didn’t help him check it.

C.There was no label on the bottle.D.He didn’t pick the right one out of the bottles.

【4】What happened when Paul heated the liquid?

A.His teacher ordered him to stop it at once.B.The white poisonous gas was formed.

C.All the students left the lab at once.D.Someone was injured in the accident.

【5】What lesson did the incident teach the student and the teacher?

A.Never leave a bottle without a label in the chemistry lab.

B.Obey your teacher’s instructions in the chemistry lab.

C.Acrylamide can’t take the place of hydrochloric acid.

D.While something unusual happened, leave the lab at once.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】D

【3】C

【4】B

【5】A

【解析】

這篇短文主要講述了一天上午，Paul和同學(xué)們在科學(xué)實驗室上化學(xué)實驗課。同學(xué)們在老師的指導(dǎo)下分組進行實驗。Paul誤用了一個沒有貼標簽瓶子里的液體，結(jié)果出現(xiàn)了意外，丙烯酰胺反應(yīng)后生成了有毒的氣體。

【1】細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文中Result: The acid reacts with the bicarbonate（碳酸氫鹽）to form water, carbon dioxide gas and salt.可知，老師和她的學(xué)生計劃在實驗中做鹽。故選B。

【2】細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文中The hotter the mixture, the quicker the reaction.可知，通過使混合物變熱。故選D。

【3】細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文中He found that there was only one bottle in the cupboard so he took that. There was no label on the bottle and Paul didn’t check with the teacher if it was the right solution(溶液).可知，他發(fā)現(xiàn)柜子里只有一瓶酒，就拿走了。瓶子上沒有標簽，保羅也沒有和老師核對這是否是正確的解決方案。故選C。

【4】細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文中That’s when things started to go wrong. The liquid in the test tube was not hydrochloric acid. When it was heated, it formed a thick cloud of white gas.可知，白色有毒氣體形成。故選B。

【5】主旨大意。根據(jù)文中Never leave a bottle without a label in the chemistry lab.可知，不要把沒有標簽的瓶子留在化學(xué)實驗室里。故選A。

1、平心靜氣審題，切忌粗心。在解答閱讀題時，千萬不要慌，要靜下心來，按照由易到難，由淺入深的思維方式，先從容易的入手，逐漸的打開思路。

2、仔細研讀語段，整體感知文章內(nèi)容。通常閱讀一篇文章，第一遍需要速讀，首先要重點理解文章的體裁是記敘文還是說明文。答題時切忌文章都沒完整的閱讀過，就匆匆忙忙地寫答案。最好先把文章從頭到尾通讀一遍，對文章有一個整體的認識和理解。

3、巧妙借助"原話"，確定解題空間。在通讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，將要回答的問題放到閱讀的文章中來，再去瀏覽所要回答的試題，經(jīng)過初步的思考，確定解決問題的閱讀空間。有些試題它要求用文中原話來回答，我們就可以用文中的原話來作答，這時就可以"從文章中直接提取信息"來回答問題。

4、合理控制答題時間，先易后難。應(yīng)瀏覽閱讀理解的全文，了解閱讀理解全文的概貌�？赐旰螅瑧�(yīng)記住閱讀理解文章的要點，閱讀理解重要的結(jié)論以及閱讀理解中的一些關(guān)鍵性的人名、地點、定義和數(shù)字。碰到閱讀理解的難題時，千萬不要鉆牛角尖，耽誤太多時間。

如第4小題細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文中That’s when things started to go wrong. The liquid in the test tube was not hydrochloric acid. When it was heated, it formed a thick cloud of white gas.可知，白色有毒氣體形成。故選B。