Question

【題目】In fact,almost every country in the world is named after one of these four things: a tribe (部落) ，a feature (特征)of the land,a place or an important person.Here are some examples.

Tribe names

England is in good company with the lion's share (about one third) of the world's countries named after an early tribe.

Important people

PHILIPPEINES---Named by Spanish explorer(探險(xiǎn)家Ruy Lopez de Villalobos,in honour of King Philip II of Spain in 1542.

Land features

ICELAND---This name is translated as" Land of Ice",perhaps for clear reasons,from the ancient language of Old Norse.

Places

JAPAN- -Nippon,which is the name commonly used by Japanese,means" land of the rising sun" and its place being to the east of China.

【1】The names of most countries of the world are named after

A. important people B. tribe names C. land features D. places

【2】Which country is named after the land feature?

A. Australia. B. England. C. Iceland. D. Japan.

【3】W hat do Japanese commonly name their country?

A. Spain. B. Japan. C. Nippon. D. China.

【4】W here can you probably see this passage?

A. In a storybook. B. In a guidebook.

C. In a medicine book. D. In a book of world place names.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】 B

【2】 C

【3】 C

【4】 D

【解析】

世界上幾乎美國(guó)國(guó)家的命名都與這些事情有關(guān)：一個(gè)部落、土地的特征、一個(gè)地方或一個(gè)重要的人。短文中作者分別給我們舉例進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第二段中England is in good company with the lion's share (about one third) of the world's countries named after an early tribe.可知，世界上有大約三分之一的國(guó)家是以部落命名的，由此可知應(yīng)選B。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第四段中Land Features ICELAND---This name is translated as" Land of Ice"可知，冰島這個(gè)國(guó)家是以地貌特征命名的，故應(yīng)選C。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文最后一段JAPAN- -Nippon, which is the name commonly used by Japanese, means" land of the rising sun" and its place being to the east of China.可知，日本人通常用Nippon稱呼自己的國(guó)家。由此可知應(yīng)選C。

【4】推理判斷題。這篇短文講述的是世界上的國(guó)家是如何命名的，故D選項(xiàng)是正確的，意為“世界地名方面的書”。A選項(xiàng)是“故事書”；B選項(xiàng)是“旅行指南”；C選項(xiàng)是“醫(yī)學(xué)書”，這三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都不符合文意。

這篇短文給我們講述了世界上大多數(shù)國(guó)家的名字都是如何來(lái)的，并舉例說(shuō)明。文章主題明確，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，有利于我們理解文意。題型設(shè)置以細(xì)節(jié)理解題居多，考查我們對(duì)文章事實(shí)信息的理解，答案都可以在原文找到，做題時(shí)，應(yīng)注意根據(jù)題目所問(wèn)或是搜索一個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞，定位到原文中，用相關(guān)的信息作答。例如第2小題，題目涉及的是Land Features，是在文章第四段中介紹的，根據(jù)這一段中舉的例子ICELAND可知應(yīng)選C。第4小題是一個(gè)推理題，考查文章的來(lái)源，這樣的題目應(yīng)結(jié)合文章的大意進(jìn)行選擇，文章介紹的是世界上大多數(shù)國(guó)家的命名，因此D選項(xiàng)符合文意。