Question

【題目】

Alfred Wegener was a scientist in the early 1900s. He had a strange theory. His theory is that 250 million years ago there was one giant continent (洲). He called the giant continents as Pangaea. He thought Pangaea changed millions of years later. It started breaking up. The continent slowly drifted apart. They became continents we know today.

Wegener made many studies. He looked at world maps and thought that some continents were like puzzle pieces. They could fit together. He went to South America as well as Africa. He looked at mountains on both continents. They would match if the continents were pushed together. Wegener found similar fossils (化石), plants and animals on both continents.

Alfred Wegener called his theory “continental drift”. In 1912, he told other scientists about his theory. Most thought Wegener was crazy. They didn't believe huge pieces of land could move.

Later, other scientists did more studies. They discovered that continents are actually moving all the time. Scientists know that the surface of Earth is not one piece. They think it's broken into large pieces of hard rock called tectonic plates (地殼板塊). Scientists believe there are 30 tectonic plates on Earth and the continents lie on top of them.

Under Earth's surface is the mantle ( 地幔). The mantle is a layer ( 層) of rock about 2,900 km thick. The temperature rises to 3, 700C at the bottom of the mantle. The heat causes the mantle to become hot, molten (熔化的) rock which flows around.

The tectonic plates float like rafts on top of the hot, molten rock but they move very slowly-only about 4 inches (10 cm) each year. Since continents lie on top of the tectonic plates, they also float or move.

Today, scientists know the continents are still moving. Alfred Wegener's theory was proved correct.

【1】What does a theory in the first paragraph mean in this article?

A.An idea based on studies.B.An opinion based on a feeling.

C.A correct answer to a question.D.A wrong answer to a question.

【2】What was the name of Alfred Wegener's theory?

A.Pangaea.B.Continental drift.C.Tectonic plates.D.Continental plates.

【3】Where did Alfred Wegener find clues to prove his theory?

A.Only in Africa.B.All over the world.

C.Only in South America.D.In both Africa and South America.

【4】What did scientists in the early 1900s think about Wegener's theory?

A.They agreed with him.B.They thought it was crazy.

C.They copied his idea right away.D.They gave him praise for it.

【5】Why do scientists think continents can move?

A.The heat of the tectonic plates causes continents to move.

B.The movement of ocean water causes the continents to move.

C.Continents are huge pieces of land that can be pushed together.

D.Continents lie on top of tectonic plates that float on hot, molten rock.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】B

【3】D

【4】B

【5】D

【解析】

本文講述了阿爾弗雷德·魏格納通過(guò)各種研究來(lái)證明他“大陸漂移說(shuō)”的理論，其他的科學(xué)家經(jīng)過(guò)多次的研究也證實(shí)了他的理論是正確的。

【1】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)He had a strange theory. His theory is that 250 million years ago there was one giant continent“他有一個(gè)奇怪的理論。他的理論是2.5億年前，有一個(gè)巨大的陸地”及Wegener made many studies“魏格納做了許多研究”，由此可知，他的這個(gè)理論是基于研究提出來(lái)的想法。故選A。

【2】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Alfred Wegener called his theory “continental drift”，可知，這個(gè)理論的名字是“大陸漂移說(shuō)”。故選B。

【3】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)He went to South America as well as Africa. He looked at mountains on both continents. They would match if the continents were pushed together“他去了南美洲和南非。他看著這兩個(gè)大陸上的山脈。如果大陸被擠在一起，他們就會(huì)匹配”，可知，他去了南美洲和南非尋找線索來(lái)證明他的理論。故選D。

【4】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)In 1912, he told other scientists about his theory. Most thought Wegener was crazy，可知，在1912年，他把這個(gè)理論告訴其他科學(xué)家，大部分人認(rèn)為他瘋了。故選B。

【5】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The tectonic plates float like rafts on top of the hot…Since continents lie on top of the tectonic plates, they also float or move，可知，地殼板塊像木筏一樣漂浮在炙熱的巖石上，科學(xué)家認(rèn)為大陸依賴于地殼板塊，所以大陸也浮動(dòng)或移動(dòng)。故選D。