Throughout history, people have been interested in knowing how language first began, but no one knows exactly where or how this happened. However, we do know a lot about languages, the language of today and also the languages of earlier times. There are probably about three thousand languages in the world today. Chinese is the language with the most speakers. English, Russian and Spanish are also spoken by millions of people. On the other hand, some languages in the world have less than one hundred speakers.

There are several important families of languages in the world. For example, most of the languages of Europe are in one large family called Indo-European. The original language of this family was spoken about 4,500 years ago. Many of the present-day languages of Europe and India are modern forms of the language of 4,500 years ago.

　 Languages are always changing. The English of today is very different from the English of 500 years ago. In time, some even die out completely. About 1,000 years ago, English was a little known relative of German spoken on one of the borders of Europe.

If a language has a number of speakers, or if it is very old, there may be differences in the way it is spoken in different areas. That is, the language may have several dialects. Chinese is a good example of dialect differences. Chinese has been spoken for thousands of years by many millions of people. The differences between the dialects of Chinese are so great that speakers of Chinese from some parts of China can’t understand speakers from other parts.

(　 ) 46. The first paragraph mainly tells us that_______.

A. most people in the world speak Chinese

B. there are thousands of languages in today’s world

C. man has much knowledge about languages

D. some people know several languages

(　 ) 47. Most European and Indian languages_______.

A. will soon die out completely　　 B. were once a relative of English

C. are no longer spoken　　　　　　 D. come from the same family of language.

(　 ) 48. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A. Chinese is the language with the most speakers.

B. English was a well-known relative of German spoken on one of the borders of Europe.

C. A language has many speakers, but there may be no differences in the way it is spoken in different areas.

D. Speakers of Chinese from some parts of China can understand speakers from other parts.

(　 ) 49. It is considered a most difficult thing for one to learn to speak Chinese because_______.

A. there are great differences between the dialects of Chinese

B. Chinese and many foreign languages are not of the same family

C. Chinese is a very old language

D. there are great differences between the old Chinese and the present-day Chinese

(　 ) 50. The underlined word “dialect” in the last paragraph means_______.

A. a special language spoken by Chinese

B. the sign used by Chinese people in a special area

C. the difference between the old and today’s Chinese

D. the form of a language used in one part of the country

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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：

This is a chart of a car’s fuel consumption during a certain day.

Time of day
Fuel consumption-燃料消耗   petrol- 汽油    litre-升
【小題1】The above chart shows ______________.
A．how much petrol was needed to fill the tankB．the speed the car was going
C．which trip used the most petrolD．how far the car travelled
【小題2】The driver bought petrol at ______________.
A．8 a.m.B．9 a.m.C．4 p.m.D．6 p.m.
【小題3】Throughout the day the car used_______________.
A．45 litres of petrolB．40 litres of petrol
C．35 litres of petrolD．10 litres of petrol

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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

When I was seven years old my mom was diagnosed(診斷) with cancer. The doctors told us my mom might be saved with surgery(手術(shù)). But it could also kill her. She chose to have it.
The day before the surgery I was off school, and my mom planned the best day of my life, everything I loved at seven and everything that would put a smile on my face. The day began with her waking me up saying, “Kate, I have a surprise for you. Come and see.” The surprise was a doll I had wanted for the longest time. Throughout the day, she told me everything that she thought I would need to know to grow up and be a good person; she told me to be the best I could be and that I would always make her proud. We had a picnic in the park, and it was so cold that we moved to the car. The day was filled with laughter. For the first time in a long time I could see she was really happy. I would never forget her smile, or the way her eyes shone as if we were the same age. It was the best day of my life, and I will never forget the conversations we shared.
My mother managed to live through the surgery. Now when I look back, I realize that the best day of my life could be her last and this could be the last day I would remember with her, the last one we shared. I also understand how unselfish a mother is.
【小題1】 Who made the decision to have the surgery in the story?
A．The doctors.B．The patient. C．The writer.D．The patient’s family.
【小題2】What did the writer’s mother do the day before the surgery?
A．She stayed at home to have a good rest.
B．She went to the doctor’s for advice.
C．She turned to her family for comfort.
D．She stayed all day with her child.
【小題3】 Why was the writer’s mother happy that day?
A．Because she left her child a special memory.
B．Because she realized her child had grown up.
C．Because she was proud of what her child had done.
D．Because she expected the surgery to be successful.
【小題4】The underlined sentence in the last paragraph suggests that ______.
A．her mother was ill againB．the surgery was unsuccessful
C．her mother was getting betterD．the surgery was simple
【小題5】 Which of the following words best describes the writer’s mother?
A．Hardworking.B．Famous.C．Rich.D．Great.

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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解


If you want to become a better reader, what should you know about speed of reading?
Some people read very rapidly(很快地), while others read very slowly. But which one is better?
The rapid reader may be a good reader when he reads a storybook for fun. But he may not be able to slow down enough to read directions(說明) carefully. He may read so rapidly that he does not take time to understand fully the ideas and information which are important to remember.
The slow reader may be a good reader when he reads directions for making something. But he may spend too much time in reading a simple story which is meant to be enjoyed but is not important enough to be remembered.
So, you see, either a rapid reader or a slow reader is not really a good one. If you wish to become a better reader, here are four important things to remember about speed of reading.
1. Knowing why you are reading will often help you to know whether to read rapidly or slowly.
2. Some things should be read slowly throughout. Examples are directions for making or doing something, science and history books, and Maths problems. You must read such things slowly or remember each important step and understand each important idea.
3. Some things should be read rapidly throughout. Examples are simple stories for enjoyment, letters from friends and bits of news from hometown papers.
4. In some of your reading, you must change your speed from fast to slow and slow to fast, as you go along. You will need to read certain(某些) pages rapidly and then slow down and do more careful reading when you come to important ideas.
【小題1】What should be read rapidly?
A．Directions for making something.
B．Maths problems.
C．Science and history books.
D．Storybooks, newspapers, personal letters, etc.
【小題2】What is the important thing you should keep in mind about speed of reading?
A．To read as fast as you can.
B．To fit your reading speed to your needs.
C．To read as slowly as possible.
D．To keep your reading at a certain speed.
【小題3】Which title best gives the main idea of the passage?
A．Something about Careful Reading
B．Be a Rapid Reader.
C．How to Read?
D．How to Be a Slow Reader?

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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解


The definition of pop music is always changing. Whatever, the most popular music at the time is called  1  music.   2 the early 1900s in America, the popular music was called Ragtime. People played it on piano and was very fast. Some of the songs had   3 and were easy  4 . Some of the songs were only music but were easy to dance, too. In the 1920s, a style called “crooning” was popular. Men sang it with a very gentle voice. In the 1930s and 1940s, “jazz” became popular. Jazz is often fast and people usually play it with a piano and horns.
It wasn’t stopping  5 the 1950s when people created “rock and roll”. Elvis Presley is called the “King of Rock and Roll”. He had many popular songs throughout the years. Rock music changed as the years went   6  . Some different kinds of pop music in the 1960s were called Motown and beach music. In the 1960s, there was also a movement in the United States called the British Invasion. That was when the group The Beatles  7 popular. They were one of the most important  8  in American music history.
Today, pop music can be Hip Hop, Rap, R & B, or Country. American young people  9 like listening to pop music. People   10 as Michael Jackson, Madonna and Britney Spears are some of the most well-known singers.
【小題1】
A．rockB．jazzC．countryD．pop
【小題2】
A．OnB．AtC．InD．Between
【小題3】
A．wordsB．fanC．grammarD．sentence
【小題4】
A．danceB．dancingC．to singD．sang
【小題5】
A．untilB．whenC．whileD．in
【小題6】
A．inB．byC．toD．with
【小題7】
A．becomeB．becameC．becomesD．to become
【小題8】
A．singerB．musicC．songsD．bands
【小題9】
A．especiallyB．fastC．veryD．not
【小題10】
A．soB．seeC．exampleD．such

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科目：初中英語 來源：2012-2013學(xué)年江蘇省無錫市北塘區(qū)九年級中考二模英語卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

It is common to believe that learning just takes place in school, but much of human learning happens outside the classroom, even from birth and people continue to learn throughout their lives.

Even before they enter school, young children learn to walk, to talk, and to use their hands to use toys, food, and other objects. They use all of their senses to learn about the sights, sounds, tastes, and smells in their environments. They learn how to communicate with their parents, grandparents, siblings, friends, and other people important to their world. When they enter school, children learn subjects like reading, writing, and maths. They also continue to learn a lot outside the classroom. They learn which behaviors are likely to be rewarded and which are likely to be punished. They learn social skills for communicating with other children. After they finish school, people must learn to deal with many changes that affect their lives, such as getting married, raising children, and finding and keeping a job.

Because learning continues throughout our lives and influences almost everything we do, the study of learning is important in many different fields. Teachers need to understand the best ways to educate children. Scientists, social workers and other human service workers need to understand how certain experiences change people’s behaviors.

Learning is closely related (相關(guān)的) to memory, which is the storage(儲存) of information in the brain (大腦). Scientists who study memory are interested in how the brain stores knowledge, where this storage takes place, and how the brain later offers knowledge when we need it. However, scientists who study learning are more interested in behavior and how behavior changes as a result of a person’s experiences. ?

1.The underlined word “siblings” in Paragraph 2 probably means _________.

A．teachers          B．classmates         C．doctors           D．brothers or sisters

2.When do children begin to know to behave well according to the passage?

A．After they go into society.                 B．Before they enter school.

C．When they are at school.                 D．Before they are born.

3.Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?

A．As a matter of fact, learning begins at a person’s birth and last the whole life.

B．Teachers need to understand the best ways to educate their students.

C．People need to understand how certain experiences change their behaviors.

D．Social workers need to study how experiences affect people’s thoughts.

 

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