15.Life is full of surprises and you never know how things will turn out.
Sir John Gurdon is a good example of this.As a boy,he was told he was hopeless at science and finished bottom of his class.Now,aged 79,the very same Gurdon shared the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Japanese stem cell(干細胞) researcher Shinya Yamanaka.
Like so many scientists,Gurdon shows us where the power of curiosity and perseverance(堅持不懈) can lead.
At the age of 15 in 1948,Gurdon ranked last out of the 250 boys at his high school in biology and every other science subject.Gurdon's high school science teacher even said that his dream of becoming a scientist was"quite ridiculous".
In spite of his teacher's criticisms,Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard.He went to the lab early and left later than anyone else.He experienced thousands of failures.
"My own belief is that we will,in the end,understand everything about how cells actually work."Gurdon said.
In 1962,Gurdon took a cell from an adult frog and moved its genetic(基因的) information into an egg cell.The egg cell then grew into a clone(克隆) of the adult frog.This technique later helped to create Dolly the sheep in 1996,the first cloned mammal(哺乳動物) in the world.
In 2006,Gurdon's work was developed by Yamanaka to show that a sample (樣本) of a person's skin can be used to create stem cells.Using the technique,doctors can repair a patient's heart after a heart attack.
"Luck favors the prepared mind,"Gurdon told the Nobel Prize Organization."Ninety percent of the time things don't work,but when they do,you have to seize(抓。 the chance."

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,選擇最佳答案,并在答題卡上按要求作答.
66.Who won the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine?C
A.Sir John Gurdon.
B.Shinya Yamanaka.
C.Sir John Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka        
D.Gurdon's science teacher.
67.In what order are the followings mentioned in the passage?B
a.create the sheep Dolly
b.take a cell from an adult frog
c.use a person's skin to create stem cells
d.move a frog's genetic information into an egg cell
e.grow into a clone of a frog
A.b-a-c-d-e          
B.b-d-e-a-c            
C.b-d-a-c-e            
D.b-e-d-a-c
68.What does the underlined word"ridiculous"mean?D
A.無知的            
B.無謂的              
C.荒廢的              
D.荒謬的
69.According to the passage,which statement is ture?D
A.As a boy,he was told he was hopeful.
B.He ranked first at his high school in biology.
C.It's impossible for the doctors to repair a patient's heart after a heart attack.
D.In spite of his teacher's criticisms,he kept working hard.
70.What's the main idea of the passage?B
A.Ninety percent of the time things don't work.
B.Luck favors the prepared mind.
C.Life if full of surprises.
D.How to know cells actually work.

分析 文章大意:這篇文章主要講述了Gurdon,一位諾貝爾獲得者的故事.生活往往充滿了驚喜,你永遠不知道下一秒會發(fā)生什么.Gurdon就是一個鮮活的例子.當他還是小孩的時候,他是班級的倒數(shù),可誰曾想過就是這樣一個被認為與科學家無緣的男孩長大后,在79歲之際獲得了在干細胞研究方面的諾貝爾獎.像其他許多科學家一樣,是好奇與堅持的力量鑄就了他今日的輝煌.即使被老師和同學們不看好,他仍然堅持早到晚出實驗室,一遍遍嘗試.1962年,他將一只成年青蛙的基因信息導入到卵細胞中成功的克隆了這只成年青蛙,這一技術(shù)對后來世界上第一只哺乳動物山羊多莉的克隆起著關(guān)鍵的作用.2006年,Gurdon采集人的皮膚樣本創(chuàng)造干細胞,使用這一技術(shù)醫(yī)生可以在病人心臟病發(fā)作時及快的修復.通過Gurdon我們相信越努力越幸運,我們的堅持總有回報.

解答 66.答案C.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)"Now,aged 79,the very same Gurdon shared the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Japanese stem cell(干細胞) researcher Shinya Yamanaka."可知兩人共同獲得了諾貝爾醫(yī)學獎,故選C.
67.答案B.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)"in 1962,Gurdon took a cell from an adult frog"可知他先從成年青蛙中取一個細胞;之后將這個青蛙的基因信息導入到另一個卵細胞中;然后這個卵細胞成長為了一只克隆青蛙;利用這一技術(shù)1996年有了克隆羊多莉;2006年利用人體皮膚創(chuàng)造干細胞;依據(jù)順序綜上所述,故選B.
68.答案D.詞意推斷題.根據(jù)"At the age of 15 in 1948,Gurdon ranked last out of the 250 boys at his high school in biology and every other science subject"可知他在生物等理科課程方面的成績在高中是250個男生中的最后一名,因此老師說他做科學家的夢想是"滑稽的,荒謬的",故選D.
69.答案D.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)"In spite of his teacher's criticisms,Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard"可知他不管老師的看法,依舊跟隨自己的好奇心堅持努力工作,故選D.
70.答案B.主旨大意題.根據(jù)"Luck favors the prepared mind",文章結(jié)尾點名主旨,可知"機會總是留給有準備的人",盡管很多工作沒有結(jié)果,但只有那樣,當機會來臨時我們才能抓住它.同時全篇也都描寫了主人公為實現(xiàn)夢想所做的各種努力,有準備才會成功,故選B.

點評 快速閱讀全文,掌握文章大意,并認真閱讀題目,把握好相關(guān)文章細節(jié),做出正確解答.

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