Question

【題目】 More than one hundred years ago, a boy named Thomas Alva Edison lived in a small Ohio town. Tom was a lively child. He was always taking things apart and putting them together again, or trying to put them together.

One day, his father said, “Look at this! Another broken toy!”

“Now, don’t be hard on him,” said his mother. “He only wants to see how things work.” But even the mother lost patience with him when he almost burned down the family’s barn（倉(cāng)庫(kù)）!

Tom was more careful, but it’s hard when you are curious.

Then the family moved to Michigan. By now, Tom was old enough to go to school. Unfortunately, he didn’t like to sit still and listen to the teacher or memorize his lessons.

Since Tom spent most of his time daydreaming, his teachers thought there was something wrong with him. But he just liked experimenting more than he liked school. Tom’s mother decided to teach him at home. Soon, he loved to read, especially about science.

At 12, Tom heard about a job on a train selling candy, newspapers and sandwiches. His father agreed, and so it was settled. Two days later, Tom was at the station to begin his job.

Before long, Tom set up a laboratory in the train’s baggage car. When his work was finished, he would experiment.

At 16, he got his first real job as a night telegraph operator and station agent. But Tom could never hold a job very long. He was either too tired from studying or too busy experimenting to do his job. So Tom decided to spend more time inventing things. He was stubborn（固執(zhí)的）, independent and hardworking.

Some of Tom’s inventions began to be noticed. Then Tom happened to be in New York at the gold exchange （黃金交易所）when an important machine broke down. Tom stepped in, and in an hour or two, he had the machine run perfectly.

In the following months, Tom invented a way to improve the machine. The company paid him $40,000 for his invention. “I’m going into business for myself,” said Tom.

【1】Who was harder on Tom at first, his father or his mother?

【2】Why did Tom’s mother lose patience with him in the end?

【3】What did Tom spend most of his time doing when he was at school?

【4】What was Tom’s job on a train when he was 12?

【5】How old was Tom when he got his first real job?

【6】What do you think of Tom? And why?

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】His father.

【2】Because he almost burned down the family’s barn.

【3】He spent most of his time daydreaming. /Daydreaming

【4】To sell (Selling) candy, newspapers and sandwiches.

【5】He was 16. (16.)

【6】I think he was curious(hardworking/ naughty/stubborn/independent/lively…). Because…

E.g. He liked taking things apart and putting them together again.

He spent much time experimenting and studying.

He nearly burned down the family’s barn.

He didn’t like to sit still and listen to the teacher or memorize his lessons. etc.

【解析】

本文介紹了托馬斯·阿爾瓦·愛(ài)迪生的故事。湯姆是個(gè)活潑的孩子。他總是把東西拆開(kāi)再組裝起來(lái)，或者試著把它們組裝起來(lái)。湯姆不喜歡靜靜地坐著聽(tīng)老師講課，也不喜歡背誦功課。于是湯姆的媽媽決定在家教他。很快，他就喜歡讀書(shū)，尤其是關(guān)于科學(xué)的。湯姆發(fā)明了一種改進(jìn)機(jī)器的方法。公司為他的發(fā)明付給他4萬(wàn)美元。“我要為自己做生意，”湯姆說(shuō)。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)One day, his father said, “Look at this! Another broken toy!”

“Now, don’t be hard on him,” said his mother. “He only wants to see how things work.”可知，起初他父親對(duì)湯姆更嚴(yán)厲。故答案為：His father.。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)But even the mother lost patience with him when he almost burned down the family’s barn（倉(cāng)庫(kù)）! 可知，但當(dāng)他差點(diǎn)燒毀家里的谷倉(cāng)時(shí)，連母親都對(duì)他失去了耐心！

故答案為：Because he almost burned down the family’s barn.。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Since Tom spent most of his time daydreaming, his teachers thought there was something wrong with him. 可知，由于湯姆大部分時(shí)間都在做白日夢(mèng)，老師們認(rèn)為他有毛病。故答案為：He spent most of his time daydreaming. /Day dreaming。

【4】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)At 12, Tom heard about a job on a train selling candy, newspapers and sandwiches. 可知，12歲時(shí)，湯姆在火車(chē)上做賣(mài)糖果、報(bào)紙和三明治的工作。故答案為：To sell (Selling) candy, newspapers and sandwiches.。

【5】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)At 16, he got his first real job as a night telegraph operator and station agent.可知，16歲時(shí)，他得到了第一份真正的工作，做夜班電報(bào)員和車(chē)站代理。故答案為：He was 16. (16.)。

【6】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題屬于開(kāi)放行試題，根據(jù)短文只要答出湯姆的特點(diǎn)或優(yōu)點(diǎn)即可。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容可以知道如下的答案。

故答案為：I think he was curious(hardworking/ naughty/stubborn/independent/lively…). Because…

E.g. He liked taking things apart and putting them together again.

He spent much time experimenting and studying.

He nearly burned down the family’s barn.

He didn’t like to sit still and listen to the teacher or memorize his lessons. etc.

回答問(wèn)題的任務(wù)型閱讀

該題型是給同學(xué)們呈現(xiàn)一段閱讀資料，然后設(shè)置幾個(gè)問(wèn)題，做題時(shí)，我們應(yīng)該先瀏覽一下問(wèn)題，心中對(duì)所給任務(wù)有一個(gè)初步的了解，帶著問(wèn)題去閱讀，有針對(duì)性地閱讀，提高閱讀效率。

一、閱讀全文，了解大意

在做任務(wù)型閱讀題時(shí)，同學(xué)們應(yīng)先瀏覽文章后所提出的問(wèn)題，在瀏覽過(guò)任務(wù)后，應(yīng)迅速回頭閱讀全文了解文章的主要內(nèi)容，作者想表述的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，情感等。

二、尋找細(xì)節(jié)，逐題攻克

對(duì)于任務(wù)型閱讀中的細(xì)節(jié)考查題，需要同學(xué)們有對(duì)語(yǔ)言的理解和分析能力，并帶著問(wèn)題回到閱讀材料中，采用跳讀的方式來(lái)尋找細(xì)節(jié)所在的段落，然后鎖定目標(biāo)段落，尋找總結(jié)自己所要的答案。

本題的第1小題：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)One day, his father said, “Look at this! Another broken toy!”

“Now, don’t be hard on him,” said his mother. “He only wants to see how things work.”可知，起初他父親對(duì)湯姆更嚴(yán)厲。故答案為：His father.

本題的第3小題：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Since Tom spent most of his time daydreaming, his teachers thought there was something wrong with him. 可知，由于湯姆大部分時(shí)間都在做白日夢(mèng)，老師們認(rèn)為他有毛病。故答案為：He spent most of his time daydreaming. /Day dreaming

此外，同學(xué)們?cè)诖痤}和書(shū)寫(xiě)方面還要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

1. 作答時(shí)，要遵循的原則就是：能簡(jiǎn)略回答的，盡量簡(jiǎn)略回答。

2. 書(shū)寫(xiě)要規(guī)范整潔。句子開(kāi)頭首字母要大寫(xiě)；標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)要規(guī)范，單詞拼寫(xiě)要正確無(wú)誤；注意時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)和人稱(chēng)的轉(zhuǎn)變。

3. 做出適當(dāng)調(diào)整。在回答時(shí)，同學(xué)們應(yīng)對(duì)照題目，根據(jù)需要對(duì)句子的人稱(chēng)、單復(fù)數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、詞性、主謂搭配等做出適當(dāng)?shù)恼{(diào)整。