3.A Simple Scientific Experiment
Below is a description of a single scientific experiment.It shows us how iron reacts ( 反應(yīng)) with air and with water.
Aim:To find out if iron rusts( 生銹) (a) in dry air; (b) in water that has no air in it ( air-free water); (c) in ordinary water.
Materials:3clean iron nails ( 鐵釘); test tubes; test tube holder; cotton wool; oil; Bunsen burner.
Iron in dry air
Method
(1)Put some iron nails at the bottom of a test tube.
(2)Push some cotton wool down the tube.
(3)Leave the tube for one week.
Result
After one week,the nails have not rusted.
Conclusion
Iron does not rust in dry air.
Iron in air-free water
Method
(1)Half-fill a test tube with water.
(2)Boil the water for three minutes.( This makes sure there is no air in the water.
(3)Put two or three clean nails in the water.
(4)Add some oil to the water.( This will keep air out of the water.)
(5)Leave the tube for one week.
Result
The nails do not rust in the tube with air-free water.
Conclusion
Iron does not rust in air-free water.
Iron in ordinary water
Method
(1)Half-fill a test tube with water and add two or three clean nails.
(2)Leave the tube for one week.
Result
The nails rust in the tube with ordinary water.
Conclusion
Iron rusts in ordinary water.(238words)
35.In the first part of the experiment the cotton wool is most probably used toA.
A.keep the air dry                            B.keep the tube wet
C.make the nails rust                          D.keep the tube clean
36.What are necessary steps to make sure the water in the tube is air free?D
①Leave half a tube of water in it                ②Boil the water for some time
③Put some clean iron nails in the tube            ④Add some oil to the water
A.①②B.①③C.②③D.②④
37.We can conclude from the experiment that onlyC makes iron rusty.
A.dry air        B.cotton wool      C.ordinary water     D.a(chǎn)ir-free water.

分析 本篇文章介紹了鐵在干燥的空氣里,在沒有空氣的水里和普通的水里,鐵是不是會(huì)生銹的幾個(gè)試驗(yàn).
一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)
下面描述一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn),通過它來向我們展示鐵如何與空氣和水反應(yīng).
目的:尋找鐵生銹的原因(a)在干燥的空氣中(b)在無(wú)空氣的水中(c)在普通的水中
器材:3個(gè)干凈的鐵釘、試管、試管架、棉花、油、本生燈
鐵在干燥的空氣中
方法:(1)放一些鐵片在試管底部
(2)把一些棉花塞進(jìn)試管中
(3)把試管靜置一個(gè)星期
結(jié)果:一周后,鐵沒有生銹
結(jié)論:鐵在干燥的空氣中不會(huì)生銹
鐵在無(wú)空氣的水中
(1)往試管中裝入一半的水
(2)把水煮沸3分鐘(這是為了確定水中無(wú)空氣)
(3)放2-3個(gè)干凈的鐵片在水中
(4)添一些油在水中,這樣保持空氣在水外
(5)把試管靜置一個(gè)星期
結(jié)果:一周后,鐵沒有生銹
結(jié)論:鐵在無(wú)空氣的水中不會(huì)生銹
鐵在普通的水中
(1)往試管中裝入一半的水,在加入2-3個(gè)干凈的鐵片
(2)把試管靜置一個(gè)星期
結(jié)果:一周后,鐵生銹
結(jié)論:鐵在普通的水中會(huì)生銹

解答 35.A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)Push some cotton wool down the tube.可知在試管下面放一些原棉,目的是為了叫空氣干燥.故選A.
36.D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)Boil the water for three minutes.(This makes sure there is no air in the water.)和Add some oil to the water.(This will keep air out of the water.)可知把試管放煤氣燈下煮幾分鐘(保證水里沒有空氣)和在水里加入適量的油(保證空氣不進(jìn)入到水里).故選D.
37.C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)Conclusion   Iron rusts in ordinary water.可知鐵只有在普通的水里才會(huì)生銹.故選C.

點(diǎn)評(píng) 對(duì)于閱讀理解題,一定要記得首先通讀全文,了解文章大意,然后再根據(jù)文章關(guān)鍵詞,關(guān)鍵句,掌握細(xì)節(jié)問題,去回答具體的問題.本題主要是根據(jù)文章做出選擇,更需要抓住關(guān)鍵詞,關(guān)鍵句,去解答!

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