1．The"halo effect"is a classic finding in social psychology．It is the idea that general evaluations （評價(jià)） about a person （e．g．she is likeable） influence judgments about their specific traits（品質(zhì)）（e．g．she is intelligent）．Hollywood stars give the perfect example．Because they are often attractive and likeable，we naturally consider they are also intelligent，friendly and so on．That is，sometimes，not true．
In the 1970s，well-known social psychologist Richard Nisbett set out to prove the fact that we actually pay little attention to our thought processes in general，especially to the halo effect．
Nisbett wanted to examine the way students made judgments about teachers．They had been divided into two groups to watch two different videos of the same teacher，who happened to have a strong Indian accent．One group watched the teacher answer a series of questions in an extremely warm and friendly manner．The second group saw exactly the same person answer exactly the questions in a cold and distant manner．In one the teacher appeared to like teaching and students，and in the other he came across as someone powerful who didn't like teaching at all．
After each group of students watched the videos they were asked to evaluate the teacher on physical appearance，mannerisms and even his accent （mannerisms were kept te same across both videos）．The same as the halo ffect infers，students who saw the"warm"one evaluated him more attractive，his mannerisms more likeable and even his accent as more pleasing．This was unsurprising as it backed up the ideas on the halo effect．At the same time，for those who had seen the other video，the result was just the wrong way around．
The surprise is that students had no clue why they gave one teacher higher evaluations．Most said that how much they liked the teacher had not influenced their evaluation of his individual traits at all．
The halo effect is fascinating and now well-used in the business world．For example，books that have"Harvard Classics"written on the front can ask twice the price of the exact same book without it．The same is true in the fashion industry．
So，the next time you consider buying a pair of designer jeans or decide whether you like someone，ask yourself whether the halo effect is operating．Are you really evaluating the traits of the person？This simple check could save you wasting your money or refusing a loyal friend．Or perhaps，even if you do check，you'll still never know．
56．Why does the author mention Hollywood stars in the first paragraph？B
A．To help us to evaluate others．
B．To explain what the halo effect is．
C．To show us the background of the story．
D．To tell us Hollywood stars are not truly friendly．
57．Which one do you think is NOT an example of the halo effect？A
A．You make friends with the people who hve good judgments．
B．You prefer to buy the products advertised by a movie star．
C．You pay more for a simple T-shirt with a famous designer's name on it．
D．You believe your teachers are intelligent because they appear likeable．
58．What can we learn from the passage？D
A．People can do nothing to avoid the halo effect．
B．People use the halo effect widely in the business world．
C．People often wonder how the halo effect works before shopping．
D．People sometimes don't realize the halo effect when they make judgments．
59．The passage is mainly aboutD．
A．the cause of the halo effect
B．the development of the halo effect
C．the evaluation of the halo effect
D．the influence of the halo effect．
分析 文章大意：應(yīng)該正確面對光環(huán)效應(yīng)及影響．有時(shí)并不像我們所想像的那樣，通過例子說明比如一個(gè)明星可能即聰明，友好等，其實(shí)不一定，需要通過自己的驗(yàn)證來做判斷．
解答 56-59BADD
56題答案：B 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中的大意可知是解釋什么是光環(huán)效應(yīng)，故答案是B．
57題答案：A 判斷題，根據(jù)文中第四句話的描述A是你和有良好判斷力的人交朋友；B是你喜歡買電影明星廣告的產(chǎn)品；C是你會花更多錢買一個(gè)簡單的T恤上面有一個(gè)著名的設(shè)計(jì)師的名字；D是你認(rèn)為你的老師很聰明，因?yàn)樗麄兛雌饋砜蓯郏蚀鸢甘茿．
58題答案：D 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中的第一段The"halo effect"is a classic finding in social psychology．It is the idea that general evaluations （評價(jià)） about a person （e．g．she is likeable） influence judgments about their specific traits（品質(zhì)）（e．g．she is intelligent）．Hollywood stars give the perfect example．Because they are often attractive and likeable，we naturally consider they are also intelligent，friendly and so on．That is，sometimes，not true．In the 1970s，well-known social psychologist Richard Nisbett set out to prove the fact that we actually pay little attention to our thought processes in general，especially to the halo effect．可知人們在做出判斷時(shí)有時(shí)沒有意識到光環(huán)效應(yīng)，故答案是D．
59題答案：D 考查主旨題，根據(jù)文中的大意應(yīng)該正確面對光環(huán)效應(yīng)及影響．有時(shí)并不像我們所想像的那樣，通過例子說明比如一個(gè)明星可能即聰明，友好等，其實(shí)不一定，需要通過自己的驗(yàn)證來做判斷，故答案是D．
點(diǎn)評 本文是一篇日常生活類閱讀，題目涉及多道細(xì)節(jié)理解題，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對 性找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案．推理判斷也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確的答案．
