【題目】Phil is a scientist for NASA. Scientists are always asking questions. One question Phil has is:”Are Rocks on the Earth l【1】 rocks on Mars?” The first step was to collect rocks from around the world. I【2】 of collecting the rocks himself, Phil thought of a good idea. He would ask kids everywhere to s【3】 him rocks. Soon children from all over the world have sent in over 8,000 rocks. Phil and other scientists study each rock to d【4】 what minerals(礦物質) are in it. Studying rocks from the Earth is the easier part of Phil’s project. Learning about rocks on Mars is more c【5】. To do this, Phil helped c【6】 a special camera that was sent into space. It c【7】 around Mars and takes pictures of rocks there. Scientists learn a lot by c【8】 rocks from the Earth and Mars. They learn how the Earth and Mars are d【9】, and they learn how the planets are alike, too.
Mars is the planet most like Earth. “ Studying Mars can tell us a lot about the planet and what humans have to be p【10】 for when they get there,” Phil said.
【答案】
【1】 like
【2】 Instead
【3】 send
【4】 discover
【5】 challenging
【6】 create
【7】 circles
【8】 comparing
【9】 different
【10】 prepared
【解析】
這篇短文主要講述了一個叫做Phil的科學家是如何研究火星和地球上的巖石的。
【1】句意:在地球上的巖石像火星上的巖石嗎?like的意思是“像”,根據(jù)句意及所給首字母提示,故填like。
【2】句意:Phil沒有自己收集巖石,而是想出了一個好主意。短語instead of…表示代替,而不是。根據(jù)句意,故填Instead。
【3】句意:他會要求孩子們到處送他石頭。短語ask sb. to do sth.表示讓某人做某事。send的意思是“發(fā)送”,根據(jù)句意及首字母提示,故填send。
【4】句意:Phil和其他科學家研究每一塊巖石,發(fā)現(xiàn)其中有什么礦物。discover的意思是“發(fā)現(xiàn)”,根據(jù)句意,故填discover。
【5】句意:學習火星上的巖石更具挑戰(zhàn)性。challenging的意思是“挑戰(zhàn)”,根據(jù)句意,故填challenging。
【6】句意:為了做這個,PhilPhil幫助制造了一種被發(fā)射到太空的特殊相機。短語help do表示幫助做某事;create的意思是“創(chuàng)造,創(chuàng)作”,根據(jù)句意,故填create。
【7】句意:它環(huán)繞火星并在那里拍攝巖石圖片。circle的意思是“圍繞”,這里是一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài),主語是第三人稱單數(shù),謂語動詞變第三人稱單數(shù)。根據(jù)句意,故填circles。
【8】句意:科學家通過比較地球和火星上的巖石學到很多東西。by doing sth.通過做某事;compare的意思是“比較”,這里用動名詞。根據(jù)句意,故填comparing。
【9】句意:他們了解地球和火星是不同的,他們也知道行星是如何相似的。different的意思是“不同的”,根據(jù)句意,故填different。
【10】句意:研究火星可以告訴我們很多關于地球的事情,以及人類到達火星時需要準備什么。短語prepare for…表示為……做準備。 故填prepared
1. 通讀短文知大意,看整體全面了解
與閱讀理解題和其它類型的完形填空一樣,首先要通讀短文,了解文章的大意.每篇短文段落之間必然承上啟下、前呼后應.因此通讀全文時要一氣呵成,只要能了解短文的大意即可,細節(jié)不理解可以跳過.因此,在解題之前通讀一遍短文,目的是對文章有個全面的了解,弄清其中心思想和大意.
2. 復讀短文抓信息,前后照應巧猜詞
在了解文章大意的前提之下再次通讀短文,目的是對短文有更進一步的了解.在閱讀時要特別注意一篇文章的開頭(一般不設空)和結尾,它們能提供主要的信息,幫助了解全文所描述的事件或文章的中心思想.在閱讀過程中,要注意上、下文的關系,這對于把握文章的整體意義大有用處.另外,要學會跳讀,即對不理解的地方采用暫時回避的方式,待真正理解全文之后再找解決的方法.有些短文填空題,有時出現(xiàn)約 3%~5% 的生詞是很正常的,這就要求學生根據(jù)構詞知識或上、下文的意思加以猜測,來確定它的詞義.
3. 反復推敲多分析,慎重答題講合理
再次通讀短文,對留空的句子進行全面的分析,看它在全文中所處的位置、作用和意義.這一遍閱讀要求是精心閱讀,要留心找出關鍵詞、短語或句子,還要結合所給首字母的提示,進行填寫,并注意單詞的正確形式.
4. 認真復查全文,把握整體和詞形
做完以后,再認真讀一遍,檢查所填寫的單詞是否與文章要求相符,文章是否通順,前后是否呼應,有無句型結構及語法錯誤.從實際中看,很多學生能夠充分利用詞首字母和短文內(nèi)容填寫單詞,但是,問題往往出現(xiàn)在單詞的形式變化上.比如填 q ,要求填寫 quickly ,而多數(shù)考生只知道填寫 quick ,忽略了詞性問題.因此,深思熟慮很重要.
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