17.London used to be"foggy"for the same reason that cities like Beijing or Chongqing are"foggy"today.The"fog"was in fact smog,a mixture of smoke and fog.In other words,it was made by pollution.In London,some of this pollution came from factories,but much of it came from the coal that people burnt in their houses to keep warm during the winter.By the 1950s,London's smog problem had become so bad that the government decided to do something to clean the air.A new law was made and nobody could burn coal in any British cities.Within a few years,the air became much cleaner.There were no more."pea-soupers".
Many Chinese cities now face the same sort of problem with air pollution that London faced 40or 50years ago.However,this problem is morn difficult for Chinese cities to solve.One reason is that more of the pollution comes from the factories,rather than from coal burnt in people's houses.If these factories were closed,it would harm the economy and lots of people would lose their jobs.Another reason is that changing from coal to cleaner fuel (燃料),like gas,is quite expensive.
However,the air in many Chinese cities is becoming cleaner,as the government and people pay  more and more attention to reducing pollution.As a result,there are fewer"pea-soupers"in Beijing than used to be.

57.How did the air in London become much cleaner?B
A.There was not so much fog in the winter later.
B.A law was made to keep people from burning coal in their houses.
C.Many factories in the city were closed.
D.People paid more attention to cleaning their city.
58.What does the underlined word"pea-soupers"refer to?A
A.Smog.          
B.Smoke.       
C.Gas.       
D.Coal.
59.The problem of air pollution is more difficult for Chinese cities to solve because of
B reasons.
A.one              
B.two            
C.three        
D.four
60.Which sentence is NOT true?B
A.Air pollution is serious in Beijing and Chongqing.
B.Using coal is much more expensive than using gas.
C.Factories made much more pollution in China.
D.The reasons of air pollution in London and Beijing are different.

分析 倫敦曾經(jīng)被稱(chēng)為霧都,現(xiàn)在中國(guó)像北京、重慶這樣的大城市也開(kāi)始有霧霾了.污染一來(lái)自工廠二來(lái)自公民用煤,中國(guó)的大城市主要是因?yàn)榍罢撸?guó)則是后者.中國(guó)還不能治理,因?yàn)楣S關(guān)閉意味著很多人失業(yè).隨著政府和公民在清潔空氣方面的不斷努力,空氣變得越來(lái)越干凈了.

解答 57.B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)A new law was made and nobody could burn coal in any British city.可知,英國(guó)政府制定了新的法律,在英國(guó)任何一個(gè)城市沒(méi)有人可以燒煤.故選B.
57.A 詞義推測(cè)題.根據(jù)前一句的意思,任何人不得燃煤的規(guī)定執(zhí)行幾年后,英國(guó)的空氣變得干凈多了.可知本句的意思是:空氣干凈了,不再有一開(kāi)始提到的煙霧了.故選A.
59.B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)One reason is that more of the pollution comes from the factories,rather than from coal burnt in people's houses.If these factories were closed,it would harm the economy and lots of people would lose their jobs.Another reason is that changing from coal to cleaner fuel (燃料),like gas,is quite expensive.可知中國(guó)的城市污染不能解決的原因有二.一、更多的污染來(lái)自工廠;二、煤改清潔燃料的費(fèi)用太貴了.故選B.
60.B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題.題目要求我們判斷不正確的描述.A.Air pollution is serious in Beijing and Chongqing.空氣污染在北京和重慶很?chē)?yán)重;文章第一句話(huà)就提到了;B.Using coal is much more expensive than using gas.用煤比用氣貴得多.根據(jù)Another reason is that changing from coal to cleaner fuel (燃料),like gas,is quite expensive.可知,把煤改成像氣那樣的燃料太貴了.所以與事實(shí)不符.C.Factories made much more pollution in China.在中國(guó)工廠的污染更多.根據(jù)文章第二段可知,工廠的污染大,又沒(méi)有辦法關(guān)閉,因?yàn)楹芏嗳藭?huì)失業(yè);所以C的陳述正確;D.The reasons of air pollution in London and Beijing are different.倫敦和北京的污染不一樣.倫敦的污染是因?yàn)槭忻袢∨妹;北京的污染是因(yàn)楣S的原因.所以不一樣.陳述正確.故選B.

點(diǎn)評(píng) 做題時(shí)要在理解好文意的基礎(chǔ)上,與題目有機(jī)的結(jié)合,從文章中找到相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)性的句子與選項(xiàng)細(xì)細(xì)比對(duì),進(jìn)行選擇或推理判斷,選出符合文章內(nèi)容的正確選項(xiàng).做題注意靈活,有時(shí)可采用排除法或直選法確定出最終答案.

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