【題目】 A recent study found people’s lives are made _______in North China. It showed life expectancy(平均壽命) had been cut down by 5.5 years there. Researchers think _______the heavy air pollution in China should be to blame(承擔(dān)責(zé)任). It’s really_______. Our government has already done something. _______, it doesn’t seem to work so well.
“Air pollution in China is doing harm _______people’s health. The harm is much_______than we can imagine, ” said Chen Yuyu of Beijing University, one of the researchers of this study.
Dirty air brings serious problems _______North China. In January this year, the air pollution was worse than_______ in other places. That was caused by_______ temperature and waste gas(廢氣) from coal heating.
Chinese government should strongly fight against air pollution. They should________more proper ways to deal with the problem. People should be encouraged to take buses, ride bicycles or walk, instead of ________cars. The factories that pollute ________should be closed.
“We need________our environment, although it might be expensive. Protecting our environment means protecting ________” Li Hongbin , ________researcher of the study said.
【1】A.longerB.shorterC.longD.short
【2】A.whereB.ifC.thatD.when
【3】A.trulyB.factC.truthD.the truth
【4】A.ThoughB.HoweverC.InsteadD.Unless
【5】A.toB.forC.atD.in
【6】A.seriousB.more seriousC.most seriousD.the most serious
【7】A.onB.withC.inD.between
【8】A.thatB.thisC.itD.those
【9】A.riseB.risingC.to riseD.raise
【10】A.come upB.take upC.put downD.think of
【11】A.drivingB.to driveC.droveD.drive
【12】A.bigB.seriousC.strongD.heavily
【13】A.improvesB.improvingC.to improveD.improve
【14】A.usB.ourC.ourselvesD.ours
【15】A.anotherB.otherC.the otherD.others
【答案】
【1】B
【2】C
【3】D
【4】B
【5】A
【6】B
【7】C
【8】A
【9】B
【10】D
【11】A
【12】D
【13】C
【14】C
【15】A
【解析】
這是一篇健康環(huán)保類閱讀,主要介紹最近一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn),華北地區(qū)人們的壽命縮短了,平均壽命縮短了5.5年,主要是因為中國嚴(yán)重的空氣污染。雖然中國政府已經(jīng)做了一些事情,但似乎效果并不好,我們需要改善環(huán)境。保護環(huán)境意味著拯救我們自己。
【1】句意:最近的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在華北,人們的壽命變得更短了。
longer更長的,比較級;shorter更短的,比較級;long長的;short短的。根據(jù)后文“It showed life expectancy(平均壽命) had been cut down by 5.5 years there.”可知,人的平均壽命減少了5.5歲,所以空處應(yīng)該是說較之以前的壽命更短了,通過句意可知是隱性比較級,所以用比較級shorter。故選B。
【2】句意:研究人員認為,中國嚴(yán)重的空氣污染應(yīng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任。
where哪兒,賓語從句中用來引導(dǎo)以where開頭的特殊疑問句;if是否,賓語從句中用來引導(dǎo)一般疑問句;that賓語從句中用來引導(dǎo)陳述句,在從句中無意義也不作成份;when用來引導(dǎo)以when開頭的特殊疑問句。根據(jù)空前的think可知,后面做動詞think的賓語從句;根據(jù)空后的“the heavy air pollution in China should be to blame”可知,本句是陳述句,所以應(yīng)該用that做賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。故選C。
【3】句意:這真的是實情。
truly真的,真誠地,副詞;fact現(xiàn)實,事實;truth真相,實情;the truth真相,實情,truth 前加 the 的習(xí)慣用語。根據(jù)空前“the heavy air pollution in China should be to blame”可知,中國嚴(yán)重的空氣污染應(yīng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任,也就是說研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了實情,應(yīng)該用truth;truth 前習(xí)慣加 the,表示特指,the truth實情,真相。故選D。
【4】句意:然而,效果似乎并不太好。
Though雖然,盡管;However然而;Instead反而;Unless除非,如果不。根據(jù)空前“Our government has already done something.中國政府已經(jīng)做了一些事情”及空后句“it doesn’t seem to work so well效果似乎并不太好”可知,前后存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系;however位于句首時,要用逗號與句子其它部分隔開,though放句首時,后面一般直接加句子;根據(jù)空后的逗號及句意可知,空處應(yīng)該用however。故選B。
【5】句意:中國的空氣污染正在損害人們的健康。危害比我們想象的要嚴(yán)重得多。
to到,及;for給,由于;at在(某處,某時);in在……里。根據(jù)空前的“China is doing harm”及空后的“people’s health”可知,此處是短語do harm to sb/sth傷害某人/某事,是固定搭配。故選A。
【6】句意:“中國的空氣污染正在損害人們的健康。危害比我們想象的要嚴(yán)重得多。”
serious嚴(yán)重的;more serious更嚴(yán)重的,比較級;most serious最嚴(yán)重的;the most serious最嚴(yán)重的;根據(jù)空前的much及空后的than可知空處應(yīng)該用比較級,結(jié)合選項可知,空處應(yīng)該是更嚴(yán)重的more serious。故選B。
【7】句意:臟空氣給華北地區(qū)帶來嚴(yán)重問題。
on在……上;with和;in在……里;between在……之間。根據(jù)空后的North China及句意可知,空處是表達在華北地區(qū)in North China,是固定搭配。故選C。
【8】句意:今年1月,這里的空氣污染比其它地方更嚴(yán)重。
that那,用于比較句型中,可用來代替“the+不可數(shù)名詞”;this這個;it它;those那些。根據(jù)句意及空前的“was worse than”可知,本句是比較句型;在比較結(jié)構(gòu)中,前面出現(xiàn)的名詞如果后面同樣出現(xiàn),可以用that(代替前面的“the+不可數(shù)名詞”);those(代替前面的復(fù)數(shù)名詞),根據(jù)句首的the air pollution是不可數(shù)名詞,可知后面用that替代,that in other places在這兒意為“其它地方的污染”。故選A。
【9】句意:這是由煤加熱引起的溫度升高和廢氣引起的。
rise上升,動詞原形;rising動名詞形式;to rise動詞不定式形式;raise增加,提高。根據(jù)空前的by,可知介詞by后要用動名詞形式,結(jié)合選項可知空處用rising。故選B。
【10】句意:他們應(yīng)該想出更合適的方法來處理這個問題。
come up走近;take up開始從事;put down放下;think of 想出,想起。根據(jù)空后的“more proper ways to deal with the problem”結(jié)合句意可知,空處是表達“想出”更合適的方法,think of more proper ways想出更合適的方法。故選D。
【11】句意:應(yīng)該鼓勵人們乘公共汽車,騎自行車或步行,而不是開車。
driving開車,動名詞形式;to drive開車,動詞不定式形式;drove動詞過去式形式;drive動詞原形。根據(jù)空前的instead of,其用法是instead of sth/doing sth,結(jié)合選項可知,空處應(yīng)該用動名詞形式driving。故選A。
【12】句意:污染嚴(yán)重的工廠應(yīng)該關(guān)閉。
big大的,形容詞;serious嚴(yán)重的,形容詞;strong強壯的,形容詞;heavily嚴(yán)重的,副詞形式。根據(jù)句意可知,本句是含有定語從句的復(fù)合句;根據(jù)“that pollute ___12___should be closed”可知,pollute是定語從句的謂語動詞,副詞修飾動詞,所以空處應(yīng)該用副詞形式heavily。故選D。
【13】句意:我們需要改善我們的環(huán)境,盡管它可能很貴。
improves提高,改善,動詞三單形式;improving動名詞形式以及現(xiàn)在分詞形式;to improve動詞不定式形式;improve動詞原形。根據(jù)句意可知,need是句子的謂語動詞,根據(jù)其用法need to do sth需要做某事可知,空處填動詞不定式形式to improve。故選C。
【14】句意:保護我們的環(huán)境意味著保護我們自己。
us我們,人稱代詞賓格形式;our我們的,形容詞性物主代詞;ourselves我們自己,反身代詞;ours我們的,名詞性物主代詞。根據(jù)空前的“We need___13___our environment”及主語we可知,空處是表達“保護我們自己”,所以應(yīng)該用反身代詞ourselves。故選C。
【15】句意:另一位研究人員李紅斌說。
another三者以上的另一個;other其他的,后面接名詞;the other兩者中的另一個;others其他的,相當(dāng)于other加名詞形式。根據(jù)句意及空后的researcher可知,空處是表達“另一位研究人員”;句中沒有說是兩者,所以應(yīng)該用三者以上的另一個another。故選A。
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