5.Most of us probably live without vegetables,but a world without chocolate?Now that would be hard!According to chocolate makers it could happen if we don't act soon.
There are two main causes of the chocolate shortage(短缺)-chocolate's growing popularity and less production of cocoa,the plant from which chocolate is made.With more and more people in India and China loving chocolate,not much can be done about the first cause.
Therefore,the only thing we can do is to increase cocoa production.However,new plant diseases and little rain in Ivory Coast and Ghana,the world's largest producers,have reduced cocoa production by 40percent in the past 10years.What's worse,many cocoa farmers in Africa and other cocoa-producing countries like Indonesia and Venezuela are changing to easier-to-grow crops such as corn or rubber.This way,the farmers can make more money.
To prevent more farmers from changing,researchers at the newly opened International Cocoa Control Centre,in the UK,are trying to create new cocoa plants that are stronger and faster growing.But first they must make sure the new plants are safe to grow.This takes a long time.
First,each new plant is stored at the Control Centre for six months to make sure it is healthy.It is then planted in the Centre's fields,studied and tested for another two years.Only after scientists are certain that they're disease-free,will the plants be sent to farmers in West Africa or wherever else they are needed.
To create new stronger types of cocoa,scientists at the Control Centre are combining(結(jié)合)the best parts from different cocoa plants.Though the world is facing a serious chocolate shortage,there is now hope!
53.In which countries has chocolate become more popular in recent years?China and India.
54.How long does it take scientists at the Control Centre to make sure a cocoa plant is safe to grow?30 months.
55.If you are a cocoa farmer in Africa,will you continue to grow cocoa?Why or why not?Yes.Because it's hard for me to live in a world without chocolate./No.Because I will change to grow easier-to-grow crops to make more money..

分析 大多數(shù)人也許在生活中不吃蔬菜,但沒有巧克力的生活可以想象嗎?現(xiàn)在是很難了.據(jù)巧克力制造商說,如果我們不立刻行動起來,這種情況可能發(fā)生.
巧克力短缺的主要原因有兩個--巧克力越來越受歡迎,以及用以制造巧克力的植物可可的產(chǎn)量很少.由于越來越多的印度人和中國人喜歡巧克力,對于第一個原因,人們無能為力.
因此,我們唯一能做的就是增加可可的產(chǎn)量.然而,由于新的植物病害增加和世界最大的可可生產(chǎn)國象牙海岸和加納的降水量很少,導(dǎo)致過去十年可可的產(chǎn)量減少了40%.更糟糕的是,非洲和其他生產(chǎn)可可的國家(比如印尼和委內(nèi)瑞拉)的很多可可種植戶正在改種容易種植的作物,比如玉米和橡膠.這樣,農(nóng)戶就可以掙更多錢.
為了防止更多種植戶改種其他作物,英國在新成立的國際可可控制中心的研究人員正在試圖開發(fā)新的可可品種,它們植株更粗壯,生長跟快.但首先他們必須要確定新的植物種植起來夠安全,而這要需要很長時間.
首先,每一種新植物要在控制中心貯藏六個月,以保證它是健康的.然后將它種植在中心的土地上,用兩年的時間來研究和檢驗.只有科學(xué)家確信這些植物抗病害后,才將它們分發(fā)給西非或其他需要的地方.
為了培育新的更強(qiáng)壯的可可品種,控制中心的科學(xué)家把不同的可可植株結(jié)合起來.雖然全世界正面臨可可的嚴(yán)重短缺局面,但現(xiàn)在卻有了希望.

解答 53.答案:China and India.事實細(xì)節(jié)題.
根據(jù)第2段最后一句With more and more people in India and China loving chocolate,not much can be done about the first cause可知,最近幾年來,越來越多的印度人和中國人喜歡巧克力.故答案是China and India.
54.答案:30 months.事實細(xì)節(jié)題.
根據(jù)第5段兩句話First,each new plant is stored at the Control Centre for six months to make sure it is healthy.It is then planted in the Centre's fields,studied and tested for another two years可知,新品種首先要在控制中心儲存6個月,以確保健康,然后再由科學(xué)家研究檢驗2年,這樣一共是30個月的時間.故答案是30 months.
55.答案:Yes.Because it's hard for me to live in a world without chocolate./No.Because I will change to grow easier-to-grow crops to make more money.判斷推理題.
根據(jù)第2段,文章介紹了世界將面臨巧克力短缺的局面,其原因有二,一是需求量增加,二是可可產(chǎn)量低.第3段介紹了農(nóng)戶方面的原因:很多農(nóng)戶轉(zhuǎn)產(chǎn),改種其他容易種植的作物,以獲得更多收入.所以,不同的人有不同的回答.站在消費者或巧克力愛好者的角度,要繼續(xù)種植.站在農(nóng)戶的角度,為收入著想,要轉(zhuǎn)產(chǎn).故答案是Yes.Because it's hard for me to live in a world without chocolate./No.Because I will change to grow easier-to-grow crops to make more money.

點評 首先要通讀短文,掌握大意,然后結(jié)合具體的題目再讀短文,從中找出相關(guān)信息,就可以確定正確答案.

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