Question

16．Chinese students may be the world's most hard-working at home．A recent report says that 15-year-olds in Shanghai spend the longest time on homework，compared with their peers around the world．
The report was released by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development （OECD）．It surveyed 510，000 students in 65 countries and regions．Results show that the global average is about 4.9 hours'worth of homework each week．Students in Shanghai spend the longest time-13.8 hours．Those in Russia and Singapore take 9.7 and 9.4 hours respectively （各自）．Students in Finland spend the least time-fewer than 3 hours．
The study shows that students who did more homework scored higher in the Program for International Student Assessment （PISA），an academic test for 15-year-olds．For example，Shanghai and Singapore，where students spent much of their time on homework，came in first and second respectively in the PISA math test in 2012．
What's more，teens from wealthier backgrounds were doing 1.6 more hours of homework than their poorer peers．It may"have widened the performance gap between students from different socio-economic backgrounds"，the report warns．Poorer students may not have a quiet place to study at home，"it suggests．"Their parents may not be able to guide，motivate and support their children on homework because of work responsibilities．"
However，the number of hours spent on homework may influence students on an individual level，but it doesn't affect the country level．Factors like have a bigger impact on a country's overall performance．
A Report On Time for （71）Homework

（72）Time and countries/regions
Time and score	The （73）moretime students spent，the higher score they got．
Time and family （74）backgrounds	Teens from wealthier families spent more time than those from poor families．
Conclusions	Students'individual level may be （75）influenced/affectedbecause of the number of hours spent on homework． Teacher quality and school system organization affects the country's level．

Answer 1

分析 本文為一篇關于各國學生學習時間（做作業(yè)）的調查報告．報告從不同國家（地區(qū)）與學習時間、學習時間與成績、學習時間與家庭背景，以及結論等幾方面做了介紹．

解答 71．Homework．細節(jié)理解題．考查報告研究的對象（內容），即時間用在哪里．需要填名詞．根據全文所述，討論的是各國學生在做家庭作業(yè)時花費的時間．比如開頭就說"Chinese students may be the world's most hard-working at home．A recent report says that 15-year-olds in Shanghai spend the longest time on homework，compared with their peers around the world"中國學生也許是世界范圍內在家學習最用功的，其中上海15歲的學生做作業(yè)的時間最長．從表格右欄，特別是第一欄右側可以看出，研究的是各國學生的學習時間問題．A Report On Time for Homework《學生家庭作業(yè)用時報告》．故填Homework．
72．Time and countries/regions．細節(jié)理解題．考查各國學生學習時間的對比，即時間與國別．根據右側內容，首先是全球平均數為每周4.9小時．然后是上海，蘇聯、新加坡和芬蘭．所以，左側應該是時間及國別（地區(qū)）．根據短文第二段"It surveyed 510，000 students in 65 countries and regions"報告了65個國家和地區(qū)的51萬學生．Time and countries/regions．時間與國別（地區(qū)）．故填Time and countries/regions．
73．more．細節(jié)理解題．考查做作業(yè)的時間與分數的關系．根據短文第三段"The study shows that students who did more homework scored higher in the Program for International Student Assessment （PISA），an academic test for 15-year-olds"所說，學生做作業(yè)越多，參加PISA考試的成績就越高．并且以上海和新加坡為例說明：For example，Shanghai and Singapore，where students spent much of their time on homework，came in first and second respectively in the PISA math test in 2012，即上海和新加坡學生把大部分時間用在做作業(yè)上，所以，在2012年PISA數學測試中成績分別為第一和第二．故填more．
74．backgrounds．細節(jié)理解題．考查學生學習時間和家庭背景的關系．根據第四段"teens from wealthier backgrounds were doing 1.6 more hours of homework than their poorer peers．It may"have widened the performance gap between students from different socio-economic backgrounds"，the report warns"所說，富裕家庭的學生比同齡的貧困家庭學生多花1.5小時做作業(yè)．這也許會拉大不同社會經濟背景的學生之間成績上的差距．表格內本欄右側說的就是富裕家庭青少年比貧困家庭的同齡人花費更多時間學習．Time and family backgrounds學習時間與家庭背景．故填backgrounds．
75．influenced/affected．細節(jié)理解題．考查學生做作業(yè)的時間與個人成績和全國成績之間的關系．根據短文最后一段中"However，the number of hours spent on homework may influence students on an individual level，but it doesn't affect the country level"所說，花在做作業(yè)上的時間也許會影響個人成績，但并不影響全國成績．本句用被動語態(tài)表述這個意思，需要填動詞過去分詞．influence 和affect都是動詞，意思都是"影響"；它們的過去分詞分別是influenced和affected．Students'individual level may be influenced/affected…學生的個人成績也許會受到影響．故填influenced/affected．

點評 首先要仔細閱讀短文，掌握大意，然后結合具體的題目再讀短文，從中找出相關信息，就可以確定正確答案．