Question

When you watch TV programs about wild animals, it is surprising to see how an antelope (羚羊) can run away from a strong lion. In the wilderness, everyone has his own way to protect himself. Even plants have their own ways to fight off enemies.

    Over millions of years, plants have developed their own defense system (防衛(wèi)系統(tǒng)). Chemicals(化學(xué)物) are fantastically used by plants to survive . By making their leaves, flowers, roots and fruits poisonous (有毒的) to enemies, plants can fight back.

    One such plant is the Golden Wattle tree. The British scientist David Cameron has found when an animal eats the tree's leaves, the amount (數(shù)量) of poison increases in the other leaves. "It's like the injured leaves telephoning the others to fight together against the enemy", he said.

    The tree also sends defense messages to neighboring plants by giving out a special smell. Golden Wattle trees in the nearby 45 meters will get the message and produce more poison within 10 minutes. Now, if an enemy eats too many of the trees' leaves, he will die.

    Every kind of plant or tree is good at producing a special set of chemicals. Herbivores, like rabbits, can safely eat the leaves of one tree, but they may be poisoned by its neighbor.

    In this way, plants have not only developed their own defense system, but also shared it with others. This makes it impossible for a single animal to destroy even a small area of forest.

1.From the first 2 paragraphs, we can learn that_______.

A. plants can do nothing against their enemies

B. chemicals are quite useful for plants to survive

C. an antelope can always run away from a strong lion

D. leaves, roots, flowers and fruits of plants are poisonous

2.The underlined word "herbivores" in the 5th paragraph probably means animals which_______.

A. produce poison                            B. live on small animals

C. like to eat rabbits                 D. feed on plants or grass

3.The last paragraph of the passage suggests that this kind of defense system is_______.

A. bad for animals                             B. good for forests

C. helpful to some animals    D. harmful to forests

4.The passage is mainly about_____________________.

A. the examples of protecting forests

B.the balance between animals and plants

C. the ways of plants fighting against enemies

D. the relationship between lions and antelopes

 

Answer 1

【答案】

 

1.B

2.D

3.B

4.C

【解析】

試題分析：這篇短文主要講述的是自然界中的植物也有保護自己不受敵人傷害的方式，通常他們會產(chǎn)生一些有毒的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，而且他們還會通過釋放特殊的味道向周圍的植物傳遞信息。這種植物的自我保護對整個森林是有利的。

1.段落大意題。閱讀文章的前兩段，我們可以知道，這兩段主要告訴了我們在自然界中，每一種生物都有保護自己的方式，植物也有，而且最常用的就是化學(xué)物質(zhì)。文章中的這句話Chemicals are fantastically used by plants to survive告訴了我們，答案為B。

2.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第五段這個單詞所在的句子Herbivores, like rabbits, can safely eat the leaves of one tree, but they may be poisoned by its neighbor.可知，這種動物是像兔子一樣的，以樹葉為食，故應(yīng)選D。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的最后一段可知，植物不光可以發(fā)展自己的防衛(wèi)系統(tǒng)，還能和周圍的植物一起分享，所以這樣就不會造成某一種動物毀掉一小片森林這樣的現(xiàn)象，所以這對整個森林是有利的。故選B。

4.主旨大意題。這篇短文主要為我們講述的就是自然界中植物是如何保護自己的，文章中使用了很多例子來證明，這種植物的自我保護對整個森林是有利的。故選C。

考點：科普類短文閱讀。