Question

【題目】

Have you ever wondered how we know the things that we know? How do we know that the stars are really huge balls of fire like the Sun and very far away? And how do we know that the Earth is a smaller ball turning round one of those stars, the Sun?

The key to those questions is“ evidence"(證據(jù)). Sometimes evidence means actually seeing (or hearing, feeling, smelling…) that something is true. Astronauts have travelled far enough from the Earth to see with their own eyes that it is round. Sometimes our eyes need help The" evening star" looks like a bright twinkle in the sky, but with a telescope( 望遠(yuǎn)鏡 ) you can see that it is a beautiful ball. Something that you learn by direct seeing(or hearing or feeling… )is called an observation(觀察)

Often evidence isn't just observation on its own, but observation always hides at the back of it. If there's been a murder, often nobody(except the murderer and the dead person!)actually observed it. But detectives(偵探)can gather together lots of other observations which may all point towards the suspect(嫌疑犯). If a person’s finger- prints match those found on a knife, this is evidence that he touched it. It doesn't prove(證明)that he did the murder, but it can help when it's joined up with lots of other evidence.

Prediction helps to look for evidence. Scientists make a guess about what might be true. For example, if the world is really round, we can predict that any of us, going on and on in the same direction, should eventually find ourselves back where we started

People sometimes say that you must believe in feelings deep inside, but not all the inside feelings are real evidence.

What can we do about all this? When somebody tells you something that sounds possible, think to yourself: "Is there any evidence for that? And, next time somebody tells you that something is true, why not say to them: What kind of evidence is there for that? "Remember ,always think carefully before you believe a word.

【1】Why does the writer use the example of a detective in Paragraph 3?

A. To explain what prediction is

B. To tell what observation is called

C. To introduce how detectives work.

D. To prove evidence is not just observation

【2】The underlined "eventually "in Paragraph 4 means

A. probably B. finally C. completely D. luckily

【3】Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Prediction helps to prove something if it is true.

B. What you see directly is real evidence

C. People should always believe their inside feelings

D. Astronauts find the Earth is round with a telescope.

【4】what's the best title of the passage?

A. Evidence speaks

B. Scientists make predictions

C. Inside feelings help get ideas

D. Observation offers the facts

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】B

【3】A

【4】A

【解析】本文主要介紹了如何通過(guò)觀察來(lái)尋找證據(jù)。在短文中介紹了幾個(gè)尋找證據(jù)的方法。

【1】主旨大意題。由句子Often evidence isn't just observation on its own, but observation always hides at the back of it.可知，通常證據(jù)不只是觀察本身，而是觀察隱藏在它背后的真相。再由句子But detectives(偵探)can gather together lots of other observations which may all point towards the suspect(嫌疑犯). 但是偵探們可以收集很多其他的觀察結(jié)果，這些觀察結(jié)果可能都指向嫌疑犯。可知，作者在第3段中使用偵探的例子就是為了證明證據(jù)不只是觀察。但可以通過(guò)觀察，尋找證據(jù)。故選D。

【2】詞意猜測(cè)題。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)是意思A. probably可能的；B. finally 最后的，最終的；C. completely 完全的；D. luckily幸運(yùn)的。根據(jù)句子For example, if the world is really round, we can predict that any of us, going on and on in the same direction, should eventually find ourselves back where we started可知，如果世界真的是圓的，我們可以預(yù)測(cè)，我們中的任何一個(gè)人，在同一個(gè)方向上繼續(xù)前進(jìn)，_______ 應(yīng)該回到我們開(kāi)始的地方。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知選B finally 最后的，最終的, 較為合適。句意：如果世界真的是圓的，在在同一個(gè)方向上繼續(xù)前進(jìn)，最終應(yīng)該回到起點(diǎn)。故選B。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由句子Prediction helps to look for evidence. Scientists make a guess about what might be true.可知，預(yù)測(cè)有助于尋找證據(jù)。用證據(jù)來(lái)證明你的預(yù)測(cè)是否正確。A項(xiàng)，預(yù)測(cè)有助于證明某事是真的。相吻合。因此正確。再來(lái)看B項(xiàng)，你直接看到的是真實(shí)的證據(jù)。與句子If a person’s finger- prints match those found on a knife, this is evidence that he touched it. It doesn't prove(證明)that he did the murder. 如果一個(gè)人的指紋與刀上的指紋匹配，這就是他觸摸它的證據(jù)。但是這并不能證明他就是殺人犯。這說(shuō)明直接看到的并不是真實(shí)的證據(jù)。因此錯(cuò)誤。我們來(lái)看C項(xiàng)，人們應(yīng)該永遠(yuǎn)相信自己的內(nèi)心感受。從句子People sometimes say that you must believe in feelings deep inside, but not all the inside feelings are real evidence.可以看出你必須相信內(nèi)心深處的感情，但不是所有內(nèi)心的感覺(jué)都是真實(shí)的證據(jù)。所以C也不對(duì)。再來(lái)看D項(xiàng)，宇航員用望遠(yuǎn)鏡發(fā)現(xiàn)地球是圓的。根據(jù)句子Astronauts have travelled far enough from the Earth to see with their own eyes that it is round. 可知，宇航員用自己的眼睛看地球是圓的。而不是用望遠(yuǎn)鏡。因此也不對(duì)。故選A。

【4】推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了如何通過(guò)觀察來(lái)尋找證據(jù)。用事實(shí)來(lái)說(shuō)話。A. Evidence speaks用事實(shí)說(shuō)話；B. Scientists make predictions科學(xué)家做預(yù)測(cè)；C. Inside feelings help get ideas內(nèi)心的情感；D. Observation offers the facts觀察提供事實(shí)。綜合起來(lái)分析A正確。