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 Light reflecting
    You cannot see any object unless light from that object gets into your eyes. Some of the things you see
 give off light of their own. The sun, the stars, a lighted lamp are the examples that can be seen by their own
  light. Such things are luminous, most of the things you see are not giving off light of their own. They are
 simply reflecting light that falls on them from the sun or some other luminous body. The moon, for
 example, doesn't give off any light of its own. It is nonluminous. You see it because sunlight falls on it and
 some of it reflects in our direction. So moonlight is only second-hand sunlight.
     When you look at a book, it sends some of the light which falls on it to your eyes, and you see the
 book. If light could be kept out from where you are so that there would be no light from the book to
 reflect, then you could not see the book even with your eyes wide open. Light travels so fast that the time
 in which it travels from the book you are reading to your eyes is as short as if there were no time at all.
 Light reaches us from the moon, which is about 380, 000 kilometers away, in only a little more than a
 second.
1. You can see the book because _____. 
    A. your eyes are close to it        
    B. it reflects some of the light
    C. it has light of its own          
    D. your eyesight can get to it
2. The underlined word "luminous" means "_____".
    A. can't be seen    
    B. can be seen    
    C. giving off light    
    D. not like sunlight
3. _____ have light of their own.
    A. The sun and the moon            
    B. The stars and the earth 
    C. The sun and the stars            
    D. The moon and the earth
4. Light travels about _____ kilometers per second.
    A. 380,000      
    B. 100,000      
    C. 400,000      
    D. 190,000
5. Which of the following is TRUE?
    A. All the things you can see give off light.
    B. Light from the book is much shorter than that from the moon.
    C. The moment you open your eyes, the light from the book travels to your eyes.
    D. Light travels so fast that there is no time for you to read.

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       Chinese are very generous(大方的) in educating their children. Not caring about the money, parents
often send their children to the best schools or even abroad to England, the United States and Australia.
They also want their children to take extra-course activities such as musical instrument learning or ballet  
classes, or other classes. They think these will give them a good future. The Chinese believe that the more expensive an education is, the better it is. So parents will spend much unreasonable(不 理智的 ) money on education. Even poor parents will buy a computer for their son or daughter.
                                             
       However, most parents don't understand that the best early education they can give their children is
usually very cheap.
       Parents can see that their children are very good in some areas while poor in others. Parents also
can see some children are good at these skills and others do well in others. Most parents don't realize
that today's children lack self-respect and self-confidence(自信).
       The problem is that parents are only educating their children on how to take tests and how to study
well, but parents are not teaching them the most important skills that they need to be confident, happy
and clever.
       Parents can achieve this by teaching skills like cooking, sewing and doing other housework. Teaching a child to cook will improve many of the skills that he will need later in life. Cooking needs patience and
time. It is an enjoyable but difficult experience. A good cook always tries to improve his cooking, so he
will learn to work hard and finish his job successfully. His result, a well-cooked dinner, will give him much
satisfaction and lots of self-confidence.
       Some old machines, such as a broken radio or TV set that you give your child to play with will make
him curious and improve his interest. He will spend hours looking at them, trying to fix them. Your child
might become an engineer when he grows up. These activities are not only teaching a child to read a book, but rather to think, to use his mind. And that is more important.

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       Last week, 169 Junior students at No. 35 Middle School of Shenyang took their first no-teacher
exam. After the teacher handed out the exam paper, he left the room and never came back. A student
collected in the papers when the exam ended.
       "That test was not only a test of knowledge, but also a test of moral. We wanted to show students
how important honesty is." said Cai Wenguo, the school's headmaster. The school says no cheating
happened in the test. Next year, it wants 80% of its exams to be without teachers. But students have
different ideas.
       " I was happy and excited during the exam because my teachers trusted me," said Lang Yudan, a
13-year -old girl in Class 11.
       "Schools must trust students a lot not to use invigilators(監(jiān)考人). But I think it is too early. Some
students will cheat if there are no invigilators. And the students will not be able to ask for help when
needed." said Hua Sha.
       " I don't like having invigilators in exams. When they walk around the classroom, they make me
nervous. I would get higher marks without them in the room because I would feel more relaxed." Liu
Qingxi said.
       " I think it's very important to have invigilators in exams.  Many students want to check their
answers with each other after they have finished papers. And they can also keep the classroom in
order when something unusual happens. They may make me nervous, but I still think we need them."
Shangguan Yuan said.
       Not using invigilators may be a good idea.  But before using it,  schools must tell students the
importance of honesty and try to find ways to solve something unusual in exams.

     Soon computers and other machines will be able to remember you by looking at your eyes! The
programme works because everyone's eyes are different. So in the future you won't have to remember a
number when you want to use a machine or take money out of a bank. You'll just have to look at the
machine and it will be able to tell who you are.    
     The eye-recognition (眼睛識(shí)別) programme is already being tested in shops and banks in the USA,
Britain, Spain, Italy and Turkey. Soon, this technology (技術(shù)) will take the place of（取代）all other
ways of finding out who people are.     
     However, scientists are working on other systems (系統(tǒng)). Machines will soon be able to know you
from the shape of your face or hand or even your smell! We already have machines that can tell who you
are from your voice or the mark made by your finger.
     Eye-recognition is better than other kinds because your eyes don't change as you get older, or get dirty like hands or fingers. And even twins have different eyes, so the programme can be up to 94％ correct,
depending on how good the technology is. Some programmes may only be right  51％ of the time. In
Britain, it was found that 91％ of people who had tried it said that they liked the idea of eye-recognition.
In the future your computer will be looking you in the eye. So smile!