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【題目】下圖為我國某地地質剖面示意圖,回答下列問題。

1)甲地和乙地的地質構造分別是__________________________________。

2)丁地地貌的形成原因是

3)請簡述丙地地貌的形成過程。

【答案】1)向斜(或褶皺) 1分) 斷層(1分)

2)背斜頂部受張力作用(2),巖層破碎,易受外力侵蝕形成谷地(2)

3)流水帶來大量泥沙(2分),當水流流出出山口時,由于地勢突然趨于平緩(2分),河道變得開闊, 水流速度減慢, 河流搬運的物質逐漸在山麓地帶沉積下來,形成扇狀堆積地貌。(2分)

【解析】試題分析:

1)根據(jù)圖中巖層形態(tài)特點,甲地和乙地的地質構造分別是向斜(或褶皺)、 斷層。

2)圖中丁地地貌是背斜谷,成因是背斜頂部受張力作用,巖層破碎,易受外力侵蝕形成谷地。

3)讀圖,丙地地貌是山麓沖積扇。河流在山區(qū)流速快,侵蝕力強,流水帶來大量泥沙,當水流流出出山口時,由于地勢突然趨于平緩,河道變得開闊, 水流速度減慢, 河流搬運的物質逐漸在山麓地帶沉積下來,形成扇狀堆積地貌。

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