已知函數(shù)f(x)=x4-4x3+ax2-1在區(qū)間[0,1]單調(diào)遞增,在區(qū)間[1,2)單調(diào)遞減.
(Ⅰ)求a的值;
(Ⅱ)若A(x0,f(x0))在函數(shù)f(x)的圖象上,求證點(diǎn)A關(guān)于直線x=1的對(duì)稱點(diǎn)B也在函數(shù)f(x)的圖象上;
(Ⅲ)是否存在實(shí)數(shù)b,使得函數(shù)g(x)=bx2-1的圖象與函數(shù)f(x)的圖象恰有3個(gè)交點(diǎn),若存在,請(qǐng)求出實(shí)數(shù)b的值;若不存在,試說(shuō)明理由
分析:(Ⅰ)由f(x)在區(qū)間[0,1]單調(diào)遞增,在區(qū)間[1,2)單調(diào)遞減,得到在x=1處取得極大值即f'(1)=0.從而求解.
(Ⅱ)先求點(diǎn)A(x0,f(x0))關(guān)于直線x=1的對(duì)稱點(diǎn)B的坐標(biāo)驗(yàn)證即可.
(Ⅲ)函數(shù)g(x)=bx2=bx2-1的圖象與函數(shù)f(x)的圖象恰有3個(gè)交點(diǎn),等價(jià)于方程x4-4x3+4x2-1=bx2-1恰有3個(gè)不等實(shí)根,轉(zhuǎn)化為x4-4x3+(4-b)x2=0有三個(gè)根求解,要注意0是其中一根則轉(zhuǎn)化為方程x4-4x3+(4-b)x2=0有2個(gè)非零且不等的實(shí)數(shù)根求解.
解答:解:(Ⅰ)f(x)=x
4-4x
3+ax
2-1在區(qū)間[0,1]單調(diào)遞增,
在區(qū)間[1,2)單調(diào)遞減,所以x=1時(shí),取得極大值.
所以f'(1)=0.(2分)
因?yàn)閒'(x)=4x
3-12x
2+2ax,
所以4-12+2a=0.解得a=4.(4分)
(Ⅱ)因?yàn)辄c(diǎn)A(x
0,f(x
0))關(guān)于直線x=1的對(duì)稱點(diǎn)B的坐標(biāo)為(2-x
0,f(x
0)),
且f(2-x
0)=(2-x
0)
4-4(2-x
0)
3+4(2-x
0)
2-1x
04-4x
03+4x
02-1=f(x
0).(8分)
所以點(diǎn)A關(guān)于直線x=1的對(duì)稱點(diǎn)B也在函數(shù)f(x)的圖象上.
(Ⅲ)因?yàn)楹瘮?shù)g(x)=bx
2=bx
2-1的圖象與函數(shù)f(x)的圖象恰有3個(gè)交點(diǎn),
等價(jià)于方程x
4-4x
3+4x
2-1=bx
2-1恰有3個(gè)不等實(shí)根.
由x
4-4x
3+4x
2-1=bx
2-1得x
4-4x
3+(4-b)x
2=0.
因?yàn)閤=0是其中一個(gè)根,
所以方程x
4-4x
3+(4-b)x
2=0有2個(gè)非零且不等的實(shí)數(shù)根.(12分)
故由
得b>0且b≠4.(14分)
點(diǎn)評(píng):本題主要考查用極值求參數(shù)的值,要明確單調(diào)性,同時(shí)還考查了方程根的問(wèn)題,一般要轉(zhuǎn)化為函數(shù)的最值來(lái)解決.