長(zhǎng)為1m的細(xì)繩,能承受的最大拉力為46N,用此繩懸掛質(zhì)量為0.99kg的物塊處于靜止?fàn)顟B(tài),如圖所示,一顆質(zhì)量為10g的子彈,以水平速度V0射人物塊內(nèi),并留在其中.若子彈射人物塊內(nèi)時(shí)細(xì)繩恰好不斷裂,則子彈射入物塊前速度V0至少為多大?(g取10m/s2)                                                                                                     

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                                                    


解:子彈進(jìn)入物塊過(guò)程系統(tǒng)在水平方向動(dòng)量守恒,以子彈的初速度方向?yàn)檎较,由?dòng)量守恒定律得:

mv0=(m+M)v,

即:0.01v0=(0.99+0.01)v,

子彈射入物塊內(nèi),細(xì)繩恰好不斷裂時(shí),繩子拉力為:F=46N,

由牛頓第二定律得:F﹣(M+m)g=(M+m),

即46﹣(0.99+0.01)×10=(0.99+0.01)×,

解得:v0=600m/s.

答:子彈射入物塊前速度v0至少為600m/s.


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