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繼“天宮”一號(hào)空間站之后,我國(guó)又發(fā)射“神舟八號(hào)”無(wú)人飛船,它們的運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡如圖所示.假設(shè)“天宮”一號(hào)繞地球做圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)的軌道半徑為r,周期為T,萬(wàn)有引力常量為G.則下列說(shuō)法正確的是(     )                                   

                                                                                           

    A.  在遠(yuǎn)地點(diǎn)P處,“神舟”八號(hào)的加速度比“天宮”一號(hào)大

    B.  根據(jù)題中條件可以計(jì)算出地球的質(zhì)量

    C.  根據(jù)題中條件可以計(jì)算出地球?qū)Α疤鞂m”一號(hào)的引力大小

    D.  要實(shí)現(xiàn)“神舟”八號(hào)與“天宮”一號(hào)在遠(yuǎn)地點(diǎn)P處對(duì)接,“神舟”八號(hào)需在靠近P處點(diǎn)火減速

                                                                                                                                        

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 “快樂向前沖”節(jié)目中有這樣一種項(xiàng)目,選手需要借助懸掛在高處的繩飛躍到鴻溝對(duì)面的平臺(tái)上,如果已知選手的質(zhì)量為m,選手抓住繩由靜止開始擺動(dòng),此時(shí)繩與豎直方向夾角為α,繩的懸掛點(diǎn)O距平臺(tái)的豎直高度為H,繩長(zhǎng)為l,不考慮空氣阻力和繩的質(zhì)量,下列說(shuō)法正確的是(                     )                                                       

                                                                                         

    A.  選手?jǐn)[到最低點(diǎn)時(shí)處于失重狀態(tài)

    B.  選手?jǐn)[到最低點(diǎn)時(shí)所受繩子的拉力為(3﹣2cosα)mg

    C.  選手?jǐn)[到最低點(diǎn)時(shí)所受繩子的拉力大小大于選手對(duì)繩子的拉力大小

    D.  選手?jǐn)[到最低點(diǎn)的運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程中,其運(yùn)動(dòng)可分解為水平方向的勻加速運(yùn)動(dòng)和豎直方向上的勻加速運(yùn)動(dòng)

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如圖所示,一個(gè)小球質(zhì)量為m,靜止在光滑的軌道上,現(xiàn)以水平力擊打小球,使小球能夠通過(guò)半徑為R的豎直光滑軌道的最高點(diǎn)C,則水平力對(duì)小球所做的功至少為(        )                                                       

                                                                                                           

    A.        mgR            B. 2.5mgR  C.       2mgR      D. 3mgR

                                                                                                                                        

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兩個(gè)分別帶有電荷量﹣Q和+5Q的相同金屬小球(均可視為點(diǎn)電荷),固定在相距為r的兩處,它們間庫(kù)侖力的大小為F,兩小球相互接觸后將其固定距離變?yōu)?img src='http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic1/files/down/test/2015/09/16/15/2015091615473538369809.files/image001.gif'>,則兩球間庫(kù)侖力的大小為(    )                                   

    A.        B.            C.          D.      

                                                                                                                                        

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下列關(guān)于重力、彈力和摩擦力的說(shuō)法,正確的是(                     )                                      

    A.  物體的重心一定在物體的幾何中心上

    B.  勁度系數(shù)越大的彈簧,產(chǎn)生的彈力越大

    C.  動(dòng)摩擦因數(shù)與物體之間的壓力成反比,與滑動(dòng)摩擦力成正比

    D.  靜摩擦力的大小是在零和最大靜摩擦力之間發(fā)生變化

                                                                                                                                        

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許多物理學(xué)家的科學(xué)研究推動(dòng)了物理學(xué)的發(fā)展,促進(jìn)了人類文明.以下對(duì)幾位物理學(xué)家所作的科學(xué)探究,敘述正確的是(                                                                             )                                                       

     A. 牛頓用實(shí)驗(yàn)的方法測(cè)出引力常量G

     B. 伽利略用斜面實(shí)驗(yàn)和邏輯推理證明了所有自由落體運(yùn)動(dòng)的加速度相同

     C. 開普勒用數(shù)據(jù)歸納的研究方法發(fā)現(xiàn)了萬(wàn)有引力定律

     D. 胡克用邏輯推理的方法得出了胡克定律

                                                                                                                                        

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如圖所示,斜面為長(zhǎng)方形的斜面體傾角為37°,其長(zhǎng)為0.8m,寬為0.6m.一重為20N的木塊原先在斜面體上部,當(dāng)對(duì)它施加平行于AB邊的恒力F時(shí),剛好使木塊沿對(duì)角線AC勻速下滑,求木塊與斜面間的動(dòng)摩擦因數(shù)μ和恒力F的大小.                                                                                                                                   

                                                                               

                                                                                                                                   

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所受重力G1=8N的砝碼懸掛在繩PA和PB的結(jié)點(diǎn)上.PA偏離豎直方向37°角,PB在水平方向,且連在所受重力為G2=100N的木塊上,木塊靜止于傾角為37°的斜面上,如圖所示,試求:                                  

(1)木塊與斜面間的摩擦力;                                                                                    

(2)木塊所受斜面的彈力.                                                                                       

                                                                     

                                                                                                                                   

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在同一水平面上,一輛小車從靜止開始以a=1m/s2的加速度前進(jìn).有一人在車后與車相距x0=25m處,同時(shí)開始以v0=6m/s的速度勻速追車,人與車前進(jìn)方向相同,則人能否追上車?若追不上,求人與車的最小距離.                        

                                                                                                                                   

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在豎直的井底,將一物塊以11m/s的初速度豎直向上拋出,物體沖出井口再落回到井口時(shí)被人接住,在被人接住前1s內(nèi)物體的位移是4m,位移方向向上,不計(jì)空氣阻力,取g=10m/s2.求:                            

(1)物體從拋出點(diǎn)到被人接住所經(jīng)歷的時(shí)間;                                                           

(2)豎直井的深度.                                                                                                  

                                                                                                                                   

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