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科目: 來(lái)源: 題型:


A為已知電場(chǎng)中的一固定點(diǎn),在A點(diǎn)放一電量為q的試探電荷,所受電場(chǎng)力為F,A點(diǎn)的場(chǎng)強(qiáng)為E,則(  )                                                                                                                         

    A.  若在A點(diǎn)換上﹣q,A點(diǎn)場(chǎng)強(qiáng)方向發(fā)生變化

    B.  若在A點(diǎn)換上電量為2q的試探電荷,A點(diǎn)的場(chǎng)強(qiáng)將變?yōu)?E

    C.  若在A點(diǎn)移去電荷q,A點(diǎn)的場(chǎng)強(qiáng)變?yōu)榱?/p>

    D.  A點(diǎn)場(chǎng)強(qiáng)的大小、方向與q的大小、正負(fù)、有無(wú)均無(wú)關(guān)

                                                                                                                                   

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真空中兩個(gè)固定的相距較近且電性相同的點(diǎn)電荷A和B,現(xiàn)釋放B且B只在A的庫(kù)侖力作用下運(yùn)動(dòng),則B在運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程中受到的庫(kù)侖力(                                                                           )                                   

    A.           始終保持不變  B.                  不斷增加 C. 不斷減小       D. 先增大后減小

                                                                                                                                   

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四個(gè)塑料小球,A和B互相排斥,B和C互相吸引,C和D互相排斥.如果D帶正電,則B球的帶電情況是(   )                                                                                                                              

    A. 帶正電                      B. 帶負(fù)電

    C. 不帶電                      D.    可能帶負(fù)電或不帶電

                                                                                                                                   

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關(guān)于點(diǎn)電荷的說(shuō)法,正確的是(                                           )                                   

    A.  只有體積很小的帶電體才能看成點(diǎn)電荷

    B.  當(dāng)帶電體帶電量很小時(shí),可看作點(diǎn)電荷

    C.  只有球形帶電體,才能可看作點(diǎn)電荷

    D.  點(diǎn)電荷是一種理想化模型,實(shí)際不存在

                                                                                                                                   

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如圖甲是質(zhì)譜儀的工作原理示意圖.圖中的A容器中的正離子從狹縫S1以很小的速度進(jìn)入電壓為U的加速電場(chǎng)區(qū)(初速度不計(jì))加速后,再通過(guò)狹縫S2從小孔G垂直于MN射入偏轉(zhuǎn)磁場(chǎng),該偏轉(zhuǎn)磁場(chǎng)是以直線MN為上邊界、方向垂直于紙面向外的勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng),磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度為B,離子最終到達(dá)MN上的H點(diǎn)(圖中未畫(huà)出),測(cè)得G、H間的距離為d,粒子的重力可忽略不計(jì).試求:                                                                                                                 

                                  

(1)該粒子的比荷;                                                                                                  

(2)若偏轉(zhuǎn)磁場(chǎng)為半徑為的圓形區(qū)域,且與MN相切于G點(diǎn),如圖乙所示,其它條件不變,仍保證上述粒子從G點(diǎn)垂直于MN進(jìn)入偏轉(zhuǎn)磁場(chǎng),最終仍然到達(dá)MN上的H點(diǎn),則圓形區(qū)域中磁場(chǎng)的磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度B′與B之比為多少?                                                                                                                                              

                                                                                                                                      

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豎直放置的兩塊足夠長(zhǎng)的平行金屬板間有勻強(qiáng)電場(chǎng).其電場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度為E,在該勻強(qiáng)電場(chǎng)中,用絕緣絲線懸掛質(zhì)量為m的帶電小球,絲線跟豎直方向成θ=30°角時(shí)小球恰好平衡,且此時(shí)與右板的距離為b,如圖所示.已知重力加速度為g,求:                                                                                                                                       

(1)小球帶電荷量是多少?                                                                                          

(2)若剪斷絲線,小球碰到金屬板需多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間?                                                               

                                                                                                 

                                                                                                                                      

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用一條絕緣輕繩懸掛一個(gè)帶電小球,小球質(zhì)量為1.0×102kg,所帶電荷量為+2.0×108C.現(xiàn)加一水平方向的勻速電場(chǎng),平衡時(shí)絕緣繩與鉛垂線成45°求這個(gè)勻強(qiáng)電場(chǎng)的電場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度.                                                     

                                                                                             

                                                                                                                                      

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某研究性學(xué)習(xí)小組為了制作一種傳感器,需要用到某元件(電阻約為20Ω).現(xiàn)需要描繪該元件的伏安特性曲線.實(shí)驗(yàn)室備有下列器材:                                                                                                                 

器材(代號(hào))     規(guī)格

電流表(A1)     量程0~5mA,內(nèi)阻約為50Ω

電流表(A2)     量程0~200mA,內(nèi)阻約為10Ω

電壓表(V1)     量程0~3V,內(nèi)阻約為10kΩ

電壓表(V2)     量程0~15V,內(nèi)阻約為25kΩ

滑動(dòng)變阻器(R1)       阻值范圍0~10Ω,允許最大電流1A

滑動(dòng)變阻器(R2)       阻值范圍0~1kΩ,允許最大電流100mA

直流電源(E)   輸出電壓4V,內(nèi)阻不計(jì)

開(kāi)關(guān)(S)及導(dǎo)線若干 

①為提高實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確程度,電流表應(yīng)選用                                             ;電壓表應(yīng)選用              ;滑動(dòng)變阻器應(yīng)選用                                                                                    .(以上均填器材代號(hào))

②為達(dá)到上述目的,請(qǐng)?jiān)谔摼框(圖1)內(nèi)畫(huà)出正確的實(shí)驗(yàn)電路原理圖,并標(biāo)明所用器材的代號(hào).                                                                                              

③現(xiàn)已描繪出該元件的伏安特性曲線如圖2. 若將該元件直接連接在一個(gè)電動(dòng)勢(shì)為3V,內(nèi)阻為5Ω的電源上,則該元件消耗的功率為                                                                             W.(保留3位有效數(shù)字)                   

                                     

                                                                                                                                      

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某同學(xué)取來(lái)一個(gè)“黑箱”,準(zhǔn)備探測(cè)內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu):如圖1,該“黑箱”表面有A、B、C三個(gè)接線柱,盒內(nèi)總共有兩個(gè)電學(xué)元件,每?jī)蓚(gè)接線柱之間只可能連接一個(gè)元件,且已知電學(xué)元件的種類只可能是電阻、二極管或電池.為了探明盒內(nèi)元件的種類及連接方式,某位同學(xué)用多用電表進(jìn)行了如下探測(cè):                                                              

                                                            

第一步:用電壓擋,對(duì)任意兩個(gè)接線柱正、反向測(cè)量,指針均不發(fā)生偏轉(zhuǎn);                               

第二步:用多用電表的歐姆擋,對(duì)任意兩個(gè)接線柱正、反向測(cè)量,將每次紅、黑表筆的位置和測(cè)得的阻值都填入了下表:                                                                                                                                      

紅表筆接 A     A      B      B       C    C

黑表筆接 B      C      A      C        A    B

測(cè)得的阻值(Ώ)   100   10k     100 10.1k 90    190

①若在某次測(cè)量時(shí),檔位及指針位置如圖2所示,則此時(shí)多用電表的讀數(shù)為                Ώ                   

②第一步測(cè)量結(jié)果表明盒內(nèi)                                                 .                                       

③請(qǐng)?jiān)趫D1的接線柱間,用電路符號(hào)畫(huà)出黑箱內(nèi)的元件及連接情況.                                         

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如圖所示的電路中,輸入電壓U恒為12V,燈泡L標(biāo)有“6V  12W”字樣,電動(dòng)機(jī)線圈的電阻RM=0.5Ω.若燈泡恰能正常發(fā)光,以下說(shuō)法中正確的是(                     )                                                                   

                                                                                                  

    A.  電動(dòng)機(jī)的輸入功率是12W

    B.  電動(dòng)機(jī)的輸出功率是12W

    C.  電動(dòng)機(jī)的熱功率是2W

    D.  整個(gè)電路消耗的電功率是22W

                                                                                                                                      

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