Tiredness, coughing, a runny nose and a sore throat—among all sicknesses there is probably none more common than the flu, which we all get now and then.

However, bird flu is a completely different story.
Ten years ago, the H5N1 bird flu swept across 15 countries, including China, with sufferers reporting chest pain, difficulty breathing, fever and severe coughing. More than 600 people were infected, and about 60 percent died. Now another type of bird flu hit Shanghai and three neighboring provinces, and this time the virus is called H7N9. By the afternoon of April 11, the new virus had taken nine lives out of 35 infected, according to Xinhua News Agency.
The“H”and“N”in the virus’ name refers to two kinds of proteins on the surface of the virus. Any change of the numbers of the two proteins indicates a new mutation(變異). Most of the mutations only affect birds, such as chickens and pigeons, and don’t normally spread to humans. But once they do, the results can be disastrous.
“Any time an animal influenza virus crosses to humans, it is a cause for concern, ”Malik Peiris, virologist(病毒學家)at the University of Hong Kong, told Nature magazine. Take the SARS epidemic(傳染病)10 years ago as an example. The virus behind the disease is thought to have jumped to humans from animals. The virus was a complete“stranger”to human bodies, which hadn’t developed an immunity against it.
But there is something more about the new H7N9 bird flu. Unlike the H5N1 bird flu, which causes severe sickness in birds, the H7N9 has been evolving under the radar(悄悄地)since it travels between birds without causing noticeable illness. That makes it difficult to keep track of the disease.
The good news is that there’s so far no sign that the virus is spreading from person to person. But since there is no vaccine for the disease yet, the World Health Organization recommends that you wash your hands after meeting with sick people and before and after you eat or prepare food, and they also suggest avoiding contact with birds or their eggs.
【小題1】Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?

A．The H5N1 bird flu turned out to have something to do with the SARS epidemic.
B．More than 600 people across the world died from the H5N1 bird flu ten years ago.
C．Most of the mutations of the proteins in the bird flu virus are harmful to both birds and humans.
D．The name, H7N9 bird flu, shows that there have been new mutations of the proteins in the virus.
【小題2】With the example of the SARS epidemic in Paragraph 5, the author intends to　　　.
A．introduce where the SARS virus came from
B．inform us of the harmful effects of the SARS epidemic ten years ago
C．show the horrible effects an animal influenza virus can have once it spreads to humans
D．compare the differences between the SARS epidemic and the H7N9 bird flu
【小題3】What makes the H7N9 bird flu more frightening than the H5N1 bird flu according to the text?
A．It can cause severe sickness in birds.
B．It can spread from person to person.
C．It affects a greater number of birds.
D．It doesn’t sicken birds and thus can spread unnoticed.
【小題4】What are people advised to do to protect themselves against the H7N9 bird flu?
a. To get vaccinated for the disease.
b. To keep away from birds and their eggs.
c. To stop eating chickens and ducks.
d. To avoid meeting with sick people.
e. To wash hands thoroughly and regularly.
A．a(chǎn), b　　　 B．c, d
C．b, e　　　 D．a(chǎn), e


【小題1】D
【小題2】C
【小題3】D
【小題4】C

解析

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For most people, shopping is still a matter of wandering down the street or loading a cart in a shopping mall. Soon, that will change. Electronic commerce (trade) is growing fast and will soon bring people more choices. There will, however, be a cost: protecting the consumer from being cheated will be harder. Many governments therefore want to apply street regulations to the electronic world. But politicians would be wiser to see cyberspace as a basis for a new era of corporate self-regulation.
Consumers in rich countries have grown used to the idea that the government takes responsibility for everything from the stability of the banks to the safety of the drugs or their rights to refund when goods are faulty. But governments cannot enforce national laws on businesses whose only presence is on the screen. Even in a country where a clear right to compensation exists, the on-line customer in Tokyo, say, can hardly go to New York to get a refund (退款) for a clothes purchase.
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Customers will still need to use their judgment, but precisely because the technology is new, electronic shoppers are likely for a while to be a lot more cautious than customers of the normal sort. And the new technology will also make it easier for them to complain when a company lets them down. In this way, at least, the advent(出現(xiàn)) of cyberspace may argue for fewer consumer protection laws, not more.
【小題1】In case an electronic shopper bought faulty goods from a foreign country, what could he do?

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Want to find Bigfoot? Matt Moneymaker, president of Animal Planet's Finding Bigfoot, says the creatures have been seen in every state but Hawaii.
Redwoods State Park, California
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Fahnestock State Park, New York
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Ponca Wilderness Area, Arkansas
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【小題1】Visitors are likely to see Bigfoot in the following places EXCEPT________.

A．California B．New Mexico
C．Hawaii D．Arkansas
【小題2】If people want to see Bigfoot in Fahnestock State Park，they should phone________.
A．503­668­1 700　 B．845­225­7 207
C．505­661­3 333　 D．800­756­8 880
【小題3】What can we learn about Bigfoot from the passage?
A．Bigfoot is often attacked by human being.
B．Bigfoot doesn't like eating animals like deer.
C．Bigfoot is afraid of inhabiting in a thick forest.
D．Bigfoot likes eating sweet fruit like huckleberries.
【小題4】Where did Moneymaker have several good Bigfoot moments?
A．In Valles Caldera National Preserve.
B．In Salmon­Huckleberry Wilderness.
C．In Ponca Wilderness Area.
D．In Bird Mountain Wildlife Management Area.
【小題5】The underlined word “topple”  in the passage can be replaced by“________”．
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The Healthy Habits Survey(調(diào)查)shows that only about one third of American seniors have correct habits.Here are some findings and expert advice.
1．How many times did you brush your teeth yesterday?
●Finding：A full 33% of seniors brush their teeth only once a day.
●Step：Remove the 300 types of bacteria in your mouth each morning with a battery­operated toothbrush.Brush gently for 2 minutes，at least twice a day.
2．How many times did you wash your hands or bathe yesterday?
●Finding：Seniors，on average，bathe fewer than 3 days a week.And nearly 30%wash their hands only 4 times a day－h(huán)alf of the number doctors recommend.
●Step：We touch our faces around 3,000 times a day－often inviting germs(病菌)to enter our mouth，nose，and eyes.Use toilet paper to avoid touching the door handle.And，most important，wash your hands often with hot running water and soap for 20 seconds.
3．How often do you think about fighting germs?
●Finding：Seniors are not fighting germs as well as they should.
●Step：Be aware of germs.Do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge(海綿)that can carry more germs than anything else？To kill these germs，keep your sponge in the microwave for 10 seconds.
【小題1】What is found out about American seniors?

A．Most of them have good habits.
B．Nearly 30% of them bathe three days a week.
C．All of them are fighting germs better than expected.
D．About one third of them brush their teeth only once a day.
【小題2】Doctors suggest that people should wash their hands ________.
A．twice a day
B．three times a day
C．four times a day
D．eight times a day
【小題3】Which of the following is true according to the text?
A．We should keep from touching our faces.
B．There are less than 300 types of bacteria in the mouth.
C．A kitchen sponge can carry more germs than a toilet.
D．We should wash our hands before touching a door handle.
【小題4】The text probably comes from ________.
A．a(chǎn) guide book
B．a(chǎn) popular magazine
C．a(chǎn) book review
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀下面短文，從各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳答案。
As summer comes near, many children are really happy to forget about school for a few months. However, they might be taking that goal too seriously. Studies have found that children often forget between one and three months’ worth of school learning during the summer months. Spelling and math abilities drop off the most, while reading is not really influenced by the time off. The main reason for this is because most children sometimes read outside of the classroom, whether newspapers, magazines, books, or video game guides. However, their math and spelling skills only get exercised in the school setting.
The first purpose of summer holidays was to let farm children have time off to help work in the fields during the growing season, but this reason is no longer a good one since fewer kids actually work on farms today. Some cities in the United States, such as Los Angeles, have moved to a year-round school timetable, which may help reduce the loss of school skills that happens during the long summer holiday. To improve skills and to keep a good level of preparation, headmasters suggest trips to museums, summer camps, holidays with educational value, and visits to libraries to keep kids interested throughout the summer.
There are other educational systems that provide holidays while still keeping students’ skills up to date. For example, in Japan, students attend class for seven weeks in a row, followed by two weeks of holiday. This continues the whole year. In Italy, students attend class six days per week, but finish at 1: 30 pm each day, so that school does not run their life the way that it does in America, where students attend high school from 7: 45 am until 3: 00 pm each weekday. In areas where there are not enough classrooms—in Afghanistan or Somalia, for example—older students attend classes in the morning while the younger kids go to school in the afternoon.
Headmasters fear that the three-month summer holiday stops the flow of learning. Just as students become used to new math problems or new ideas in reading, writing, or thinking skills, they “shut down” during the summer holiday. When they go back to school after the long summer holiday, they take up to two months to return to their previous (先前的) level of skill. So the debate continues: whether to continue holidays or to make changes based on the Los Angeles or the Japanese models.
【小題1】Which skills suffer the most over the summer holidays?

A．Math and reading. B．Math and spelling.
C．Reading and writing. D．Reading and thinking.
【小題2】What can we learn about the first purpose of summer holidays?
A．It is still widely acceptable now. B．It was popular in some cities.
C．It is not a good reason for city kids. D．It was more for teachers than for students.
【小題3】The underlined phrase “shut down” in the last paragraph probably means __________.
A．stop learning B．get sick
C．go on reading D．focus on studies
【小題4】What can we infer from the passage?
A．Parents always read to their kids to keep reading skills.
B．Summer holidays lead to the loss of all the school skills.
C．Students love holidays and get their mind off learning in holidays.
D．In Italy students attend classes in the late afternoon six days a week.

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