Putting in water fountains(飲水器) at schools, and teaching children about the health benefits of water, could reduce their risk of getting extra pounds, reports a new study that is published in the latest issue of the journal pediatrics.
The findings are based on a survey in 32 elementary schools of two German cities, Dortmund and Essen. The researchers, led by Rebecca Muckelbauer, a nutrionist at the Research Institute of Child Nutrition Dortmund, weighed about 3,000 children, and asked them about their beverage(飲料) consumption.
At the beginning of the school year, the experts had water fountains added to 17 of the schools. The scientists also worked with teachers to carry out educational programs that promote the benefits of drinking water. In contrast to schools in the United States, there are very few schools in Germany that have water fountains.
At the beginning of the study, there were no big differences in the number of overweight children in different groups. But by the end of the school year, children in the schools with water fountains were 31 percent less likely to gain extra pounds, compared to kids who went to other schools, where water drinking was not encouraged.[來(lái)源:學(xué)
Children in the schools with fountains, increased their water consumption from about 3 up to 4 glasses a day, while those in the other schools continued to drink an average of 3 glasses. Over the research, the number of overweight kids upped from 384 to 385 out of 1,641 at the schools with water fountains. In comparison, the number of overweight kids at the other schools increased from 339 to 364 out of 1,309, Dr. Muckelbauer said.
The experts cannot make any final conclusions and explain why the students who were encouraged to drink water were less likely to gain extra weight. Dr. Muckelbauer noted that according to a few other studies, drinking of water increases the rate at which calories are burned, while some other research suggested that water may temporarily decrease appetite.
【小題1】According to the text, the journal Pediatrics__________.

A．may cover the subject of the health of children
B．mainly deals with the water drinking problem
C．is mainly about the mental health of kids
D．must be a journal entitled(授權(quán)) by a school
【小題2】What do we know about the survey from the text?
A．The teacher were also encouraged to drink water.
B．The students surveyed were all overweight.
C．It surveyed children in the countryside.
D．It lasted for a whole school year.
【小題3】The fifth paragraph is mainly about __________.
A．the technique used in the surveyB．the benefits of the survey
C．the process of the surveyD．the result of the survey
【小題4】What can be learned from the last paragraph?
A．Drinking water definitely decreases appetite.
B．Further research is needed to confirm the finding.
C．The experts will encourage all the students to drink water.
D．Why students drinking more get less pounds will be clear soon.


【小題1】A
【小題2】D
【小題3】D
【小題4】B

解析試題分析：文章介紹了由Dortmund and Essen兩人主持的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查研究，要教給學(xué)生水的健康元素，這樣可以減少學(xué)生增胖的可能，這項(xiàng)調(diào)查是在兩個(gè)德國(guó)城市的32個(gè)學(xué)校展開(kāi)的，在研究初期不同的小組增肥學(xué)生的總數(shù)沒(méi)有太大不同，但是在學(xué)年結(jié)束的時(shí)候，大約有百分之三十一的學(xué)生都似乎沒(méi)有變胖，用飲水機(jī)的學(xué)生的飲水量有所增加，而其它學(xué)生基本保持不變，而用飲水機(jī)的學(xué)生變胖的總數(shù)沒(méi)有其它學(xué)校的學(xué)生變胖的總數(shù)多，專家也不能做出最后的結(jié)論，也無(wú)法解釋為什么學(xué)生在鼓勵(lì)喝水的同時(shí)并沒(méi)有發(fā)胖。
【小題1】A綜合理解題。由Dortmund and Essen兩人主持的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查研究，要教給學(xué)生水的健康元素，這樣可以減少學(xué)生增胖的可能，這項(xiàng)調(diào)查是在兩個(gè)德國(guó)城市的32個(gè)學(xué)校展開(kāi)的，在研究初期不同的小組增肥學(xué)生的總數(shù)沒(méi)有太大不同，但是在學(xué)年結(jié)束的時(shí)候，大約有百分之三十一的學(xué)生都似乎沒(méi)有變胖，用飲水機(jī)的學(xué)生的飲水量有所增加，而其它學(xué)生基本保持不變，而用飲水機(jī)的學(xué)生變胖的總數(shù)沒(méi)有其它學(xué)校的學(xué)生變胖的總數(shù)多，專家也不能做出最后的結(jié)論，也無(wú)法解釋為什么學(xué)生在鼓勵(lì)喝水的同時(shí)并沒(méi)有發(fā)胖。這篇文章出自于the journal Pediatrics這本刊物，所以由此可知這本雜志是有關(guān)兒童健康問(wèn)題的，故答案應(yīng)為D。
【小題2】D細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。At the beginning of the study, there were no big differences in the number of overweight children in different groups. But by the end of the school year, children in the schools with water fountains were 31 percent less likely to gain extra pounds, 句意為：在研究開(kāi)始的時(shí)候，在不同的分組里面發(fā)胖的學(xué)生總數(shù)沒(méi)有什么不同，但到了學(xué)年結(jié)束的時(shí)候----由此可知這項(xiàng)研究持續(xù)了一年的時(shí)間。故答案應(yīng)為D。
【小題3】D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。Children in the schools with fountains, increased their water consumption from about 3 up to 4 glasses a day, while those in the other schools continued to drink an average of 3 glasses. Over the research, the number of overweight kids upped from 384 to 385 out of 1,641 at the schools with water fountains. In comparison, the number of overweight kids at the other schools increased from 339 to 364 out of 1,309, Dr. Muckelbauer said.句意為：用飲水機(jī)的學(xué)生增加了他們水的消耗量從大約三杯到了一天四杯，而其它學(xué)校的學(xué)生他們的飲水量仍然是平均三杯，但前者在1641個(gè)學(xué)生里面增學(xué)生總數(shù)從384到了385個(gè)，而后者沒(méi)有安裝飲水機(jī)的學(xué)校學(xué)生在1309名學(xué)生中，增胖的總數(shù)從339個(gè)上升到了364個(gè)。所以本自然段講的是研究的結(jié)果，故答案應(yīng)為D。
【小題4】B綜合理解題。The experts cannot make any final conclusions and explain why the students who were encouraged to drink water were less likely to gain extra weight. Dr. Muckelbauer noted that according to a few other studies, drinking of water increases the rate at which calories are burned, while some other research suggested that water may temporarily decrease appetite.句意為：專家還不能做出最后的結(jié)論，也不能解釋多喝水的學(xué)生為什么似乎沒(méi)有增肥，所以還需要繼續(xù)研究以證實(shí)他的發(fā)現(xiàn)。故答案應(yīng)為B。
【考點(diǎn)】考查健康保健類文章的閱讀理解。

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【小題2】Which of the following statement does the text support?
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【小題4】What’s the main idea of the text?
A．Brown fat is beneficial to people’s health.
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【小題1】According to Para.1, in Mexico you can see that ____.

A．the patients are treated in the open air
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A．breathing B．Speaking C．touching others D．sneezing
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A．the mask will be old and worn out
B．you’ll love the feeling of wearing it
C．germs will be kept away from you
D．it will be easy for you to be infected
【小題5】What should we pay attention to when wearing masks?
A．Keeping the masks dry. B．Changing the masks often.
C．Choosing very thick masks. D．Wearing big masks.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

In the past, the affairs happening inside one country had little influence on other countries, even the neighboring ones. Therefore, incidents of food safety only affected and spread within one country, one city, one island or one village. However, with globalization, goods and products can almost flow freely between countries, regions, and continents. So the food safety problem is therefore no longer a national or regional issue, but rather a global one．
In 1997, Avian Influenza caused widespread panic in Hong Kong．It is said that the Avian Influenza originated from Shenzhen. Some Hong Kong people blamed the chicken farm staff on the mainland for the outbreak. The staff was accused of not thoroughly checking the health condition of the chicks under their care. It resulted in Hong Kong people's anger towards chicken farm staff in Shenzhen, whose supposed negligence(疏忽)contributed to the later spread of Avian Influenza in Hong Kong．
Worse still, in Germany, people have been warned not to eat cucumbers until tests can identify the source of a deadly E. coli outbreak. The scare has spread across Europe, with 16 people so far having been killed．In many people's minds, European countries have the strictest standards and checking procedures on their food safety. But the E. coli cucumber incident brought home the reality that it was not an effective defense against such an outbreak．
These diverse food safety issues from various parts of the world are enough evidence that food safety problem is not endemic in China. In fact, food safety is not even directly related to the development level of a place, thanks, no doubt, to the connectivity of our age. If we do not maintain our vigilance(警惕), people's confidence in food safety can be destroyed instantly—even in a developed country
【小題1】Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A．Nowadays, food safety incidents spread inside one country 
B．In 1997, Avian Influenza caused great fear in Hong Kong 
C．16 Germans died of deadly E. coli after eating cucumbers 
D．Food safety is only related to the developing countries 
【小題2】The underlined word "endemic" in the last paragraph most probably means "______"
A．serious B．common C．urgent D．unique 
【小題3】We can infer from the passage that ______
A．food safety problems spread from one country to another 
B．the staff of a Shenzhen chicken farm caught Avian Influenza 
C．the strictest standards protected European people from getting E. coli 
D．China is a country where food safety problem is related to people's age 
【小題4】Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．Food Safety Problem Is a Global Issue 
B．Cucumbers Are Popular in European Countries 
C．Avian Influenza Originated from Shenzhen 
D．Food Safety Issues Are Various from Country to Country 

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