Question

【題目】Directions : After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Before age 3, most children lack the necessary skills to lie. Somewhere between the ages of 3 and 8 though, a lot of children become shockingly skillful at telling lies. A group of 3-year-olds 【1】(seat) in a room and told not to peek at a toy placed out of sight while the adult left the room. When they were later asked if they had peeked, only about half of the kids attempted to lie. This was repeated with 7-year-olds, and the majority of the kids avoided telling the truth.

At first, it is because they can 【2】 children lie. They reach a point developmentally 【3】 they realize that they can say something that is not true. These lies are not a sign of moral failures in 【4】 the parents or the child.

By age 7 or 8, most children lie for two reasons. One is to escape punishment and to remain in your good graces. Children figure out that 【5】 they say they did not do something, they may be able to avoid punishment. Older children are also better than the younger ones at reading human emotion and predicting your reaction. Since most of the children want to make their parents happy, their lies may be a 【6】(misguide) attempt to provide the right answer. The kid who tells you that he did not break the vase, even in the presence of a broken vase, is just telling you what you want to hear. He knows you would be upset about the vase, so he makes up a lie to make you happy.

Ironically, kids of strict parents are actually more likely to lie than 【7】 from a more laid-back home. A child who knows that he gets spanked for doing wrong may feel motivated to lie more often and he may become more skilled at it, because he knows 【8】(catch) will lead to punishment.

When it comes to telling the truth, when a child matures and ages you will see the lies become 【9】(frequent). This is a result of more mature kids learning responsibility and being accountable 【10】 their actions. If your youngster is telling lies, don’t panic. He will most likely grow out of this stage with the help of his parents setting the right moral values. The experiment in this article was performed by parents and children.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】were seated

【2】that

【3】where

【4】either

【5】when / if

【6】misguided

【7】those

【8】being caught

【9】less frequent

【10】for

【解析】

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了3歲到8歲大的孩子很擅長(zhǎng)說(shuō)謊，但是長(zhǎng)大后就不那么能說(shuō)謊了。

【1】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：一群3歲大的孩子坐在一個(gè)房間里，被告知在大人離開(kāi)房間時(shí)不要偷看放在視線之外的玩具。be seated表示“坐下”，“left”表明用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是A group of 3-year-olds，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，故填were seated。

【2】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意：起初，孩子們?nèi)鲋e是因?yàn)樗麄儠?huì)撒謊。此處為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為it is+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其余部分，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是原因狀語(yǔ)because they can，故填that。

【3】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：他們發(fā)展到這樣一個(gè)階段，他們意識(shí)到他們可以說(shuō)一些不真實(shí)的東西。此處定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為a point，表示“……階段”，定語(yǔ)從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故填where。

【4】考查代詞。句意：這些謊言并不是父母或孩子道德失敗的標(biāo)志。either…or…表示“或者、二選一的”，故填either。

【5】考查條件/時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：孩子們發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果/當(dāng)他們說(shuō)他們沒(méi)有做什么，他們可能可以避免懲罰。此處表示“如果”，也可以表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，故填when / if。

【6】考查形容詞。句意：由于大多數(shù)孩子想讓他們的父母高興，他們的謊言可能是提供正確答案的錯(cuò)誤嘗試。修飾名詞attempt 用形容詞，misguided表示“被誤導(dǎo)的、誤入歧途的”，故填misguided。

【7】考查代詞。句意：來(lái)自父母嚴(yán)厲的家庭的孩子比那些來(lái)自父母管得不那么嚴(yán)的家庭的孩子更容易撒謊。此處與前面的kids一致用復(fù)數(shù)，表示“那些（孩子）”，故填those。

【8】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：因?yàn)樗�知道被抓住�?huì)受到懲罰。作主語(yǔ)用動(dòng)名詞，he與catch之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式作主語(yǔ)，故填being caught。

【9】考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：說(shuō)到說(shuō)實(shí)話，當(dāng)一個(gè)孩子長(zhǎng)大成人，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)說(shuō)謊變得不那么頻繁了。此處有一個(gè)隱晦的比較意義，是長(zhǎng)大后和小時(shí)候的對(duì)比，應(yīng)該用形容詞比較級(jí)，表示“不那么頻繁、次數(shù)更少”，故填less frequent。

【10】考查介詞。句意：這是更成熟的孩子學(xué)習(xí)責(zé)任和對(duì)自己的行為負(fù)責(zé)的結(jié)果。be accountable for表示“對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)”，故填for。

注意在模糊地點(diǎn)先行詞后由關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，當(dāng)先行詞是case，degree，situation，point，stage，job，position，activity，age，system，race，conditions，scene，spot，family等，表示某人或某物所處的情況或發(fā)展的階段，并且關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，如：Sales director is a position where communication ability is just as important as sales skills. 銷售總監(jiān)是一個(gè)溝通能力和銷售技巧同樣重要的職位。