Believe it or not, optical illusion(錯(cuò)覺(jué)) can cut highway crashes.
Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. But stripes, called chevrons(人字形), painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down.
Now the American Automobile Association Foundation(基金會(huì)) for Traffic Safety in Washington D.C. is planning to repeat Japan’s success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes.
Excessive (too great) speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed-related hazards (danger) are the greatest curves, exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges.
Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars painted across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars.
Chevrons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents.
小題1:The passage mainly discusses ________.
A．a(chǎn) new way of highway speed control
B．a(chǎn) new pattern for painting highways
C．a(chǎn) new way of training drivers
D．a(chǎn) new type of optical illusion
小題2: On roads painted with chevrons, drivers tend to feel that ________.
A．they should avoid speed-related hazards
B．they are driving in the wrong lane
C．they should slow down their speed
D．they are coming near to the speed limit
小題3: The advantage of chevrons over straight, horizontal bars is that the former ________.
A．can keep drivers awakeB．can cut road accidents in half
C．will look more attractiveD．will have a longer effect on drivers
小題4:The American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety plans to ________.
A．try out the Japanese method in certain areas
B．change the road signs across the country
C．replace straight, horizontal bars with chevrons
D．repeat the Japanese road patterns
小題5:What does the author say about straight, horizontal bars painted across roads?
A．They are suitable only on broad roads.
B．They are falling out of use in the United States.
C．They are ignored in a long period of time.
D．They cannot be used successfully to traffic circles.

小題1:A
小題2:C
小題3:D
小題4:A
小題5:C

為了控制車速，減少交通事故，美國(guó)決定在公路上畫人字形標(biāo)志。
小題1:主旨題。通讀全文，我們可以知道，在高速公路上畫各種線是為了讓司機(jī)覺(jué)得車速過(guò)快，從而達(dá)到控制車速的目的。
小題2:細(xì)節(jié)題。由But stripes, called chevrons (人字形), painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down.可知C項(xiàng)正確。
小題3:推斷題。由最后兩段對(duì)比可知，人字形線比直線、平等線對(duì)控制車速有更長(zhǎng)久的影響。
小題4:細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country，可知他們?cè)诰奶暨x的幾條路上試驗(yàn)日本的模式。
小題5:推斷題。根據(jù) However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars 可知。
練習(xí)冊(cè)系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

 To many web-building spiders, most of whom are nearly blind, the web is their essential window on the world: their means of communicating, capturing prey（獵物）, meeting mates and protecting themselves. A web-building spider without its web is like a men cast away on an island of solid rock，totally out of touch and destined to

starve to death.
So important is the web to an orb-web spider's survival that the animal will continue to construct new webs daily even if it is being starved. For 16 days the starving spider builds completely normal webs. Then, as the animal gets scrawnier（憔悴的）， it constructs a wider-meshed web using fewer strands（線）. Such webs would only trap larger prey, which is more economical from the perspective of a starving spider.
The spider stores energy by recycling web protein. It simply eats its own web each evening and reuses it to produce new silk. In studies with radioactively，labeled materials, it was found that 95 percent of web protein reappears in the next day' web. Most of the energy needed for web-building is used in walking over the strands as they are laid down．
Scientists are impressed by the adaptability of the spider's highly preprogrammed brain, which is larger for its size than the brain of any other invertebrate（無(wú)脊推動(dòng)物）．If web-building is interrupted, or if some of the existing strands are destroyed，the spider simply goes back to see where the web is left off and then finishes building a normal web. One spider will finish building the incomplete web of another.　
小題1: Which of the following best expresses the main ideas of the passage?
A．Secrets of Spiders' AdaptabilityB．Importance of Webs to Spiders
C．Secrets of the Spiders' Life D．Spiders' Highly Preprogrammed Brain
小題2:According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Most spiders will stop conducting webs when hungry.
B．One Web-building spider usually conducts one web.
C．Web-building spiders will probably die without their webs．
D．Web-building spiders have good eyesight.
小題3:A spider conducts a wider-meshed web when____________.
A．it is 16 days oldB．it is getting weaker
C．it has fewer wendsD．it hunts for food
小題4:A spider's ability to finish an incomplete web proves that___________.
A．it has a highly preprogrammed brainB．it reuses its web protein to reproduce new silk
C．the web is everything for a spiderD．it is able to rebuild a destroyed web

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A black hole is created when a large star burns out. Like our sun, stars are unbelievably hot furnaces (熔爐) that burn their own matter as fuel. When most of the fuel is used up, the star begins to die.
The death of a star is not a quiet event. First there is a huge explosion. As its outer layer is blasted off into space, the dying star shines as brightly as a billion suns.
After the explosion gravity pulls in what’s left of the star. As the outside of the star sinks toward the center, the star gets smaller and smaller. The material the star is made of becomes tightly packed together. A star is so dense that a teaspoon of matter from it weighs billion of pounds.
The more the star shrinks, the stronger the gravity inside it becomes. Soon the star is very tiny, and the gravity pulling it in is unbelievably strong. In fact, the gravity is so strong that it even pulls light into the star! Since all the light is pulled in, none can go out. The star becomes black when there is no light. Then a black hole is born!
That’s what we know about black holes. What we don’t know is this: What happens inside a black hole after the star has been squeezed into a tiny ball? Does it keep getting smaller and smaller forever? Such a possibility is hard to imagine.
But if the black hole doesn’t keep shrinking, what happens to it? Some scientists think black holes are like doorways to another world. They say that as the star disappears from our universe, it goes into another universe. In other words a black hole in our universe could turn into a “white hole” in a different universe. As the black hole swallows light, the white hole shines brightly—somewhere else. But where? A different place, perhaps, or a different time — many years in the past or future.
Could you travel through a black hole? Right now, no. Nothing we know of could go into a black hole without being crushed. So far the time being, black hole must remain a mystery.
Black holes are a mystery—but that hasn’t stopped scientists from dreaming about them. One scientist suggested that in the future we might make use of the power of black holes. They would supply all of Earth’s energy needs, with plenty to spare. Another scientist wondered if a black hole could some day be used to swallow earthly waste—a sort of huge waste disposal(處理) in the sky!
小題1:When the star begins to die ______.
A．there is no fuel left in itB．its outer layer goes into space first
C．a(chǎn) huge explosion will happenD．it doesn’t give off light any longer
小題2:Which of the following doesn’t help produce a black hole?
A．The gravity inside the star is very strong.B．The light can’t go out of the star.
C．The star becomes smaller and smallerD．The dying star shines very brightly.
小題3:The black hole ______.
A．continues becoming smaller and smaller all the time
B．goes into another universe and becomes a white hole
C．can pull in everything we know of in the world
D．will appear at another place at a different time
小題4:What’s the best title for this passage?
A．A New Scientific Discovery: Black Holes
B．How Do Black Holes Come Into Being?
C．What Are Black Holes?
D．Travel Through A Black Hole

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

With only about 1, 000 pandas left in the world, China is desperately trying to clone(克隆) the animal and save the endangered species(物種). That’s a move similar to what a Texas A & M University researchers have been undertaking for the past five years in a project called “Noah’s Ark”.
Noah’s Ark is aimed at collecting eggs, embryos(胚胎), semen and DNA of endangered animals and storing them in liquid nitrogen. If certain species should become extinct, Dr. Duane Kraemer, a professor in Texas A & M’s College of Veterinary Medicine, says there would be enough of the basic building blocks to reintroduce the species in the future.
It is estimated that as many as 2, 000 species of mammals, birds reptiles will become extinct in over 100 years. The panda, native only to China, is in danger of becoming extinct in the next 25 years.
This week, Chinese scientists said they grew an embryo by introducing cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbit. They are now trying to implant the embryo into a host animal.
The entire procedure could take from three to five years to complete.
“The nuclear transfer(核子移植) of one species to another is not easy, and the lack of available(capable of being used) panda eggs could be a major problem,” Kraemer believes. “They will probably have to do several hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy (having a baby). It takes a long time and it’s difficult, but this could be groundbreaking science if it works. They are certainly not putting any live pandas at risk, so it is worth the effort,” adds Kraemer, who is one of the leaders of the Project at Texas A& M, the first-ever attempt at cloning a dog.
“They are trying to do something that’s never been done, and this is very similar to our work in Noah’s Ark. We’re both trying to save animals that face extinction. I certainly appreciate their effort and there’s a lot we can learn from what they are attempting to do. It’s a research that is very much needed.”
小題1:The aim of “Noah’s Ark” project is to _______.
A．make efforts to clone the endangered pandas
B．save endangered animals from dying out
C．collect DNA of endangered animals to study
D．transfer the nuclear of one animal to another
小題2:According to Professor Kraemer, the major problem in cloning pandas would be the lack of _______.
A．a(chǎn)vailable panda eggsB．host animals
C．qualified researchersD．enough money
小題3:The best title for the passage may be _______.
A．China’s Success in Pandas Cloning
B．The First Cloned Panda in the World
C．Exploring the Possibility to Clone Pandas
D．China —the Native Place of Pandas Forever
小題4:From the passage we know that _______.
A．Kraemer and his team have succeeded in cloning a dog
B．scientists try to implant a panda’s egg into a rabbit
C．Kraemer will work with Chinese scientists in clone researches
D．a(chǎn)bout two thousand of species will probably die out in a century

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Answer the following questions by using the information taken from a dictionary page. (You may read the questions first.) 
jaguar: n. a type of large, yellow-colored cat with black markings found in the southwestern region of the U. S. and in Central and South America.
jargon: 1. n. speech that doesn’t make sense. 2. n. an unknown language that seems strange or impossible to understand. 3. n. a language made up of two or more other languages: His jargon was a mixture of French and English. 4. n. the special vocabulary of a field or profession: Her report on computers was filled with jargon.
jaunt: 1. n. a trip taken for fun. 2. v. to go on a brief pleasant trip: We jaunted to the country last Saturday.
javelin: 1. n. a spear most commonly used as weapon or in hunting. 2. n. a lightweight metal or wooden spear that is thrown in track-and-field contests. 3. n. the contest in which a javelin is thrown. 4. v. to strike, as with a javelin.
jazz: 1. n. a type of music that originated in New Orleans and is characterized by rhythmic beats. 2. n. popular dance music influenced by jazz. 3. n. slang empty talk. 4. ad. of or like jazz: a jazz band, jazz records.
Jennet: n. a small Spanish horse.
小題1:Which meaning of the word javelin is used in the sentence below?
At the competition, Jack drew his arm back and threw the javelin 50 yards.
A．Definition 1B．Definition 2
C．Definition 3D．Definition 4
小題2:Which meaning of the word jargon is used in the sentence below?
Doctors often speak in medical jargon.
A．Definition 1B．Definition 2
C．Definition 3D．Definition 4
小題3:What does the word jazz mean in the following sentence?
Don’t give me that jazz, for I am a practical person.
A．rhythmic beatsB．a(chǎn) type of music
C．a(chǎn) kind of danceD．meaningless talk

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The year 2006 was a busy one for space and technology workers. A planet lost its status and space flights caught the imagination of people around the world.
The following is a short list of the major events of the year:____________
IBM has built a chip that runs about 100 times faster than the ones we have now. The development could lead to faster computers. The chip was first made in June. It can run at a speed of 500 gigahertz (千兆赫).
Pluto loses face  
The International Astronomical Union created the first scientific definition (定義) of the word "planet" in August. Under the new rules, Pluto is no longer called a planet but a "dwarf planet" (矮行星).
Pluto had been considered a planet since its discovery in 1930. For now, there are only the eight "classical" planets in the solar system (太陽(yáng)系): They are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.
Woman space tourist
The first woman space tourist was launched on a Russian rocket from Kazakhstan on September 18. The flight carried a businesswoman, named Anousheh Ansari, along with a fresh crew for the International Space Station (ISS). Ansari is a 40-year-old American. She has paid at least US$20 million for the trip. She returned on September 28 after her eight-day stay at the International Space Station.
Discovery sent up
The US space shuttle Discovery took seven astronauts on a 12-day repair mission (任務(wù)) to the International Space Station on December 9. It was the first night launch by NASA in four years. The last one ended in the failure of the space shuttle Columbia in 2003.
小題1: The sub-title of the second paragraph probably would be _______.
A．IBM
B．The development of computers
C．The first chip born
D．Faster computer chip
小題2:The US space shuttle Discovery was sent up mainly to ________.
A．do some research
B．do some repairs
C．be in memory to Columbia shuttle.
D．build a space station.
小題3:Which of the following statements is WRONG?
A．Pluto is no longer a real planet according to the new theory.
B．People have been dreaming about space flight.
C．Anousheh Ansari was the first women space tourist.
D．The US space shuttle Discovery is the first one launched by NASA at night.
小題4:The passage is written mainly to tell us_______.
A．exciting new science of the year of 2006.
B．space flight full of wonders.
C．the major events of the year of 2006.
D．science and technology is the first productive.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

In 2003, the government banned Internet cafes from receiving customers under18. However, Shanghai plans to bring online games as well as cartoons and comics to its schools. “The influence of online games on young people cannot be ignored, ”said Weng Tiehui, deputy director of the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (SMEC). “We should choose the right game for them as online games are becoming part of their life.”
School teachers shared the same idea. "My students are like studying machines who are busy with homework all day," said Chen Hong, who is a teacher of Chinese in Shanghai Weiyu Middle School . "We should find ways to let them relax and online games may be a good way to do this."
"In role-playing games, you imagine yourself as a hero who fights against outlaws and saves their victims," said Shen Xia, a teacher from Shanghai Hongxing Middle School. "That is a good feeling for a kid. They gain success and confidence from the game. But the important thing is to make sure they don‘t become escapists, mixing up reality and the imaginary world. "
"Multi-media has proven to be an effective teaching tool. Students enjoy learning something while they are playing games,' said Yan, an expert on education from the Shanghai Educational Press Group , "Online games will be a new teaching method in which they can learn at the same time as entertaining themselves. "
"I have dreamed that one day students will have courses via online games, "Yan added.
"The idea is practical, "Li Lijun, director of the Public Relations Department of Shanda, China’s online game giant; told the Shanghai Star. “If it proves to be successful, it will start a revolution in educational theory and practice. "  
小題1:The above writing is most likely to appear in _________.
A．a(chǎn)n official paperB．a(chǎn) government noticeC．a(chǎn) newspaperD．a(chǎn) meeting memo (備忘錄)
小題2:According to Weng Tiehui, deputy director of the SMEC, __________.
A．it is not practical to forbid young people playing online games completely
B．online games have strong influence on young people so they should be banned
C．young people can't go without online games which are becoming part of their life
D．internet cafes should be allowed to receive customers under 18
小題3: According to the teachers and experts, online games have the following advantages EXCEPT that _____.
A．online games will let their students relax after busy work
B．online games will make their students become a hero
C．online games wilt bring good experiences to their students
D．online games will become an effective teaching tool
小題4:What is the purpose of the above writing?
A．To inform its readers of some information.
B．To argue about the advantages and disadvantages of online games.
C．To give some comments on online games.
D．To give a support to online games.
小題5: What can be inferred from the above writing?
A．Hopefully, young people in Shanghai will be playing online games at school.
B．Online games will bring success to young people in Shanghai.
C．Young people in Shanghai are having courses via online games.
D．School teachers have opposite opinions about online games.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

For many years, enironmental problems have been a major concern to people. Almost all things are related to the word “Green”, say, green buildings. A green building means not only the colour of the paint. Also, it also refers to environmentally friendly houses, factories and offices.
Green building means “reducing the impact（影響）of the building on the land”, Taryn Holowka of the US Green Building Council in Washington.D.C. said. According to Holowka, buildings account for 65 percent of total US electricity use.
But green buildings can reduce energy and water use. Also, the buildings are often located near public transportation such as buses and subways, so that people can drive their cars less. That could be good for the environment, because cars use lots of gas and give off pollution. Green buildings are often built on developed land, so that the buildings don’t destroy forests.
Marty Dettling is project manager for a building that put these ideas into action. The Solaire has been called the country’s first green high-rise building. According to Dettling, “We’ve reduced our energy use by one-third and our water by 50 percent.”
The Solaire cuts energy in part by using solar power. “On the surface of the building we have solar panels（電池板）which change the sun’s energy into electricity,” Dettling explained.
The Solaire also has lights that automatically turn off when people leave the room. In addition, the building has lots of windows, allowing people to use the sun for light during the day. The Solaire cuts water by reusing it.
Not everyone is eager to move into a green building, however. Some people think that things like solar panels cost more money than more traditional energy source. Anyhow, Holowka said, “It is going to take off.”
小題1: “A green building”most refers to a____________ building according to the passage.
A．not ripe or modernB．covering green color
C．environmentally friendlyD．fresh or new
小題2:All of the following are the reasons why green buildings are environmentally friendly except that_______.
A．they can reduce energy and water use in many ways
B．they are often built on an area of land which has already been used for buildings.
C．people can collect energy from sunsight to heat water and produce electricity
D．they are equipped with lots of modern but cheaper equipment
小題3:According to the passage, green buildings don‘t usually stand on faraway and inconvenient areas bacause________.
A．the places will cause a lot of trouble and inconvenience to consruction work
B．cars will give off more pollution and more forests will be destroyed
C．the environment of the places is not better than that of big cities
D．the places are poorly equipped and unfriendly.
小題4:The underlined sentence “It is going to take off” in the last paragraph most probably means that green buildings__________.
A．will become successful and popular very quickly
B．will be begining to disappear
C．will be more modern.
D．will replace traditional buildings.
小題5:The text mainly deals with the topic that_______.
A．Dettling designed the first green building in the US.
B．Energy shortage calls for buildings of new design
C．The Solaire serves as a model of high buildings.
D．Green buildings help save environment.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Word Power
Author(s): Kaplan  $13.95
You’ll never be at a loss for words again. Energize your vocabulary with must-know everyday words that are the essentials of a good vocabulary, engaging lessons to help you use words in text, hot words often found on tests, tips to help you figure out new words, roots, and more.
Grades: 8 & up  Ages: 13 & up 
Word Smart Junior
Author(s): Russell Stauffer  $ 17.95
Now this is the way to add new words to your vocabulary! Word Smart Junior will make you laugh so much. You’ll be amazed that you’ve just learned more than 120 fascinating and very useful words! Parents, teachers, and friends will marvel at your eloquence (口才)!
Grades: 3-5  Ages: 8-10
Grammar Smart Junior
Author(s): Marcia Reynolds  $ 16.85
Do you quake when your teacher says, “Now it’s time for grammar”? Do your verbs agree with your subjects?
Fear no more! A big Hollywood producer and a famous movie star will help you learn all those nasty (討厭的) elements of grammar. You’ll be amazed at how quickly you learn, and how much fun it can be. You’ll finally know your grammar backwards and forwards, and you’ll never have to worry about it again.
Grades: 7-9 Ages: 12-14
Grammar Smart: An Audio Guide to Perfect Usage
Author(s): Julian Fleisher    $ 12.68
The words you use say a lot about you … but the way you put them together says even more. Your grammar makes an immediate and lasting impression on your teachers, and even your friends. So don’t make the mistake of thinking that grammar is too complicated. We’ve created Grammar Smart to help you write and speak with clarity and confidence.
Grades: 6-8  Ages: 11-13 
小題1:If a ten-year-old boy wants himself to be admired because of his speech ability, he may buy _______.
A．Word Power
B．Word Smart Junior
C．Grammar Smart Junior
D．Grammar Smart: An Audio Guide to Perfect Usage
小題2: By saying “You’ll finally know your grammar backwards and forwards”, the writer means “________”.
A．You will be clearly familiar with grammar
B．You will know the history of grammar
C．You will know the make-up of grammar
D．You will learn about the future of grammar
小題3:The four books are all about _______.
A．fiction and mysteries B．parenting and teaching C．literature and artsD．language study

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊(cè)答案