Question

【題目】閱讀理解。

Even if trees cannot walk, they are still on the move.
In parts of the Arctic, entire forests are moving northward. Across the Arctic, temperatures are rising faster than anywhere else in the world. As that happens, the tree line that marks where forests stop and the treeless tundra(凍土地帶) starts has been shifting northward. Trees growing along the tree line must protect themselves from the cold wind. To do this, plants tend to grow horizontal(水平的) branches low to the ground. The energy it takes for trees to grow this way means they don't have enough energy to make seeds.
But as Earth's climate has been warming, trees no longer have to just grow horizontally. Many can instead grow up toward the sky. This takes less energy. And with all the leftover energy. these trees have started producing more seeds. This happens especially in places where the white spruce(白云杉) grows.
White spruce, which is a North American tree, is quite able to produce a lot of seeds, which can move long distances in the wind. When wind-blown seeds end up on the tundra beyond the tree line, they eventually can sprout(發(fā)芽) new trees. This explains how a forest can move. Of course, the process would work only if the tundra were warm enough. But in recent years, the whole planet has been warming.
New trees will provide shelters for some snow, keeping the sun's rays from making the white surface disappear. Instead, the trees absorb the sun's heat. This warms the surrounding air. The extra warmth encourages even more trees to produce seeds. That further boosts a forest's ability to expand. In addition, more trees will trap more snow, preventing much of it from being blown away. Snow can trap heat in the soil below, which encourages trees to grow. The recent rise of temperature has helped more trees grow. The recent rise of temperatures has helped more trees grow past the tree line. People worry about impacts on the animals that depend on frozen conditions for food and shelter.
（1）What is the main cause of the trees in the Arctic moving northward?
A.The rising temperature.
B.The shrinking of northern tundra.
C.The fierce and cold wind.
D.The abundant resources in the north.
（2）What does the underlined word“this”in Paragraph 2 mean?
A.To produce more seeds.
B.To move northward.
C.To respond to the climate change.
D.To protect themselves from the cold wind.
（3）What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A.New trees can trap the snow, which may make the soil colder.
B.The trapped snow prevents new trees from producing more seeds.
C.New trees can make the surrounding air warmer.
D.New trees can bring more food and shelter for local animals.
（4）The passage is most probably taken from _______.
A.a health report
B.a science report
C.a fashion magazine
D.a children's magazine

Answer 1

【答案】
（1）A
（2）D
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】本文是一篇于說明文，是一篇科研報告，主要研究了氣溫升高對北極圈植物的影響。
（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Across the Arctic, temperatures are rising faster than anywhere else in the world.”以及第二段的整體內(nèi)容可知，不斷上升的氣溫是北極圈樹木北移的主要原因，即A項正確。
（2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)劃線前一句“Trees growing along the tree line must protect themselves from the cold wind.”長在邊上的樹一定要保護自己不受寒風的傷害。所以本句中的to do this中的this指代的是本句中的“protect themselves from the cold wind”，即D項正確。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“New trees will provide shelters for some snow, keeping the sun's rays from making the white surface disappear. Instead, the trees absorb the sun's heat. This warms the surrounding air.”新的樹會阻止光線，會吸收太陽的熱量，讓周圍的空氣更加溫暖，即C項正確。
（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章前兩段內(nèi)容可推知，本文主要研究的是氣候變暖對北極圈植物的影響，故該文應選自科研報告，即B項正確。