16.Losses from extreme floods in Europe could more than double by 2050,because of climate change and socioeconomic development.Understanding the risk caused by wide-area floods is of growing importance and will be key for managing climate adaptation.
Current flood losses in Europe are likely to double by 2050,according to a new study published in the journal Nature Climate Change by researchers from the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA),the Institute for Environmental Studies in Amsterdam,and other European research centers.Socioeconomic growth accounts for about two-thirds of the increased risk,as development leads to more buildings and infrastructure ( 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施) that could be damaged in a flood.The other third of the increase comes from climate change,which is projected to change rainfall patterns in Europe.
"In this study we brought together professional knowledge from the fields of hydrology(水文學(xué)),economics,mathematics and climate change adaptation,allowing us for the first time to thoroughly assess(評(píng)估) continental flood risk and compare the different adaptation options,"says Brenden Jongman of the Institute for Environmental Studies in Amsterdam,who organized the study.
IIASA researcher,Stefan Hochrainer-Stigler,who led the modeling work on the study.says,"The new study for the first time accounts for the link between floods in different countries.Current risk-assessment models suppose that each river basin is independent.But in actuality,river flows across Europe are closely related,rising and falling in response to large-scale atmospheric patterns that bring rains and dry spells to large regions."
"We need to be prepared for larger stress on risk financing method,such as the pan-European Solidarity Fund (EUSF),a financial tool for financing disaster recovery in the European Union."
IIASA researcher Reinhard Mechler,another study co-author,points out the larger implications arising from the analysis.He says,"There is room for better managing flood risk through risk prevention,such as using moveable flood walls,risk financing and increased unity between countries.There is no one-size-fits-all solution,and the risk management measures have very different efficiency,equity and acceptability implications.These need to be assessed and considered in broader consultation,for which the analysis provides an all-round basis."
43.What's the best title of the passage?C
A.Flood has been a great challenge to the world.
B.Flood has caused great losses in Europe.
C.European flood risk could double by 2050.
D.European flood does damage to the environment.
44.According to the passage,which of the following is correct?B
A.The study was done by a European research center alone.
B.Socioeconomic growth is the main increased risk.
C.Stefan Hochrainer-Stigler led all the work on the study.
D.The study offered professional knowledge to the European.
45.What do Stefan Hochrainer-Stigler's words in Paragraph 4suggest?A
A.The new study offers us a more scientific risk-assessment model.
B.None of the current risk-assessment models are useful for us.
C.Every country should have its special risk-assessment model.
D.All the countries can turn to EUSF for financing disaster recovery.
46.Which of the followings may be supported by Reinhard Mechler?D
A.The current risk management measures can work perfectly.
B.Using moveable flood walls is the best way of managing flood risk.
C.There is not a proper solution for us to manage flood risk.
D.Any risk management measure should be based on the specific situation.
分析 在歐洲洪水到2050年帶來的損失可能會(huì)翻倍,其中受影響最大的是社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì),但研究人員說還需要進(jìn)一步的數(shù)據(jù)分析.
解答 43-46.CBAD
43.C 主旨大意題.根據(jù)第一段Losses from extreme floods in Europe could more than double by 2050,because of climate change and socioeconomic development.在歐洲洪水到2050年帶來的損失可能會(huì)翻倍.
44.B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題.通過第二段Socioeconomic growth accounts for about two-thirds of the increased risk,社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長占據(jù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的三分之二,所以社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)是主要的受損.A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在 alone;根據(jù)Stefan Hochrainer-Stigler,who led the modeling work on the study可判斷C是錯(cuò)誤的;D在文章沒有提到.
45.A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)這個(gè)人所說的話Current risk-assessment models suppose that each river basin is independent.But in actuality尤其是but后面的轉(zhuǎn)折可知,這個(gè)研究給我們提供了一種更加科學(xué)的研究模式.
46.D 推理判斷題.在最后一段points out the larger implications arising from the analysis他指出更大的應(yīng)用來自于分析.
點(diǎn)評(píng) 閱讀這類文章時(shí),也應(yīng)該在整體把握文章結(jié)構(gòu)的前提下,主要注意細(xì)節(jié)信息.細(xì)節(jié)題題干都是相應(yīng)原文的變形(如同義改寫、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換等),因此要找到答案一定要找到題干在原文中的出處,再把原文和選項(xiàng)相比較.做題時(shí),根據(jù)所提問題用尋讀、跳讀的方法可達(dá)到事半功倍的效果.