Question

Romanticism (浪漫主義) was a literary, artistic and intellectual movement that originated in Europe towards the end of the 18th century. And it reached its peak from 1800 to 1840.

Romanticism urged people to look at nature and surroundings from a scientific point of view. It was also a rebellion against scientific rationalization (合理化 ) of nature. It permitted a person's imagination and freedom in art. The concept of romanticism was present in all the major art forms, like literature, the visual arts and music.

Friedrich Schlegel, a German philosopher, writer and critic, used the term “Romantic” for the first time to name a new school of literature which arose in opposition to “Classicism”. Though the concept of Romanticism was identified much earlier, critics believe that Romanticism in English literature dates from the Lyrical Ballads. The romantics were very interested in mystery, ambition and adventure.

In the visual arts, the term Romanticism refers to a trend that appeared in the 19th century, which was characterized by opposition to the classical forms and its rules. Romanticism in the visual arts focused more on the spiritual and emotional representation of nostalgia（懷舊）. Romantics used objects, like wild trees, moonlight, and so on, to convey their ideas and concepts.

In music, Romanticism was characterized by the freedom of forms and an emphasis on the emotions. It was German composers who used romanticism widely and developed this concept. Many famous composers worked in smaller forms of music that had flexible structure; for instance, ballads, solo piano music, and so on.

Romanticism influenced the literature and arts of the 18th and 19th century. The popularity of this movement declined gradually with passing time, but it has a significant place in the history of literature and art development.

Answer 1

1.Romanticism

2.Definition

3.Scientifically

4.art forms

5.interest

6.interest

7.wild trees

8.in music

9.the emotions

10.popular

【解析】

試題分析：浪漫主義指的是18世紀(jì)后半葉至19世紀(jì)上半 葉盛行于歐洲的并表現(xiàn)于文學(xué)和藝術(shù)各個部 門的一種主要的文藝思潮。 在藝術(shù)手法上，浪漫主義的本質(zhì)特點是它的 主觀性。另一個重要特點是對大自然的熱愛 和對工業(yè)文明的厭惡。浪漫主義作家還喜歡 用夸張的手法，追求強(qiáng)烈的美丑對比和出奇 制勝的藝術(shù)效果，他們重視中世紀(jì)民間文學(xué)， 注意吸取、采用其體裁、語言、表達(dá)方式等。他們常用的文學(xué)體裁是詩歌。

1.1】

Romanticism 根據(jù)文章第一段可知主題是“浪漫主義” Romanticism，故答案為：Romanticism。

2.2】Definition 根據(jù)文章第一段可知a literary, artistic and intellectual movement是Romanticism的解釋，定義，所以這里填Definition。

3.3】scientifically根據(jù)第二段第一句Romanticism urged people to look at nature and surroundings from a scientific point of view. 浪漫主義鞭策人們用科學(xué)的觀點看待大自然和周圍的事物。副詞修飾動詞，故填scientifically。

4.4】art forms根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句The concept of romanticism was present in all the major art forms, like literature, the visual arts and music.可知此處填art forms。

5.5】interest根據(jù)第三段最后一句The romantics were very interested in mystery, ambition and adventure.浪漫主義對神秘、雄心壯志和冒險感興趣。因此可知此空填interest。

6.6】interest根據(jù)第四段第二句Romanticism in the visual arts focused more on the spiritual and emotional representation of nostalgia（懷舊）. 浪漫主義在視覺藝術(shù)上更加集中在對精神和情感上的懷舊。即有一個更加強(qiáng)烈的興趣。故答案為：interest。

7.7】wild trees根據(jù)第四段最后一句Romantics used objects, like wild trees, moonlight, and so on, to convey their ideas and concepts.可知此處填wild trees。

8.8】In music根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句In music, Romanticism was characterized by the freedom of forms and an emphasis on the emotions.可知此處填I(lǐng)n music。

9.9】the emotions根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句In music, Romanticism was characterized by the freedom of forms and an emphasis on the emotions.可知此處填the emotions。

10.10】popular根據(jù)最后一段第二句The popularity of this movement declined gradually with passing time,可知填popular。

【考點】考查歷史文化類閱讀