10．Almost every day I hear a friend-or a patient-talk about being"addicted"to something：chocolate，exercise，email，a TV show．Are these really addictions？No，if you follow the classic definition of addiction．Why？Let me explain：Addiction means being psychologically and physically dependent on something．However，a compulsion is just a strong desire to do something，which you find difficult to control．Though it can be serious，yet you won't get physically ill when you quit it．
Take one of my patients Kate，who often spoke of her shoe addiction，as an example．She said she had many more shoes than she could use or afford，and she found it nearly impossible to pass up a pair that caught her eye．When she was stressed out，she bought shoes．When she felt sad，she bought shoes．If Kate forced herself not to buy shoes for a week or two，she didn't get physically ill．But she was rarely able to resist shoe shopping for much longer than that．
Many different causes are behind the phenomena．First of all，we think there is a genetic component，since compulsive behaviors seem to happen again in families．An imbalance of chemicals in the brain called neurotransmitters （神經(jīng)介質(zhì)） may also be to blame．In addition，compulsions often go hand in hand with anxiety and depression．
 How do you know when it has crossed the line？Ask yourself these questions：Are you busy planning and doing the behavior？For example，are you having trouble concentrating on work because you're spending time shopping online？Is the behavior negatively affecting one or more areas of your life？Have you tried your best to stop the behavior but couldn't？If your answers are"yes"，you may be struggling with a compulsive behavior and need some help．
When you find yourself having a compulsive behavior，you should start by admitting that you have a problem and thinking about what is driving the behavior．And then try to interrupt or at least postpone the behavior．Changing the way you do it is also a good idea．For example，if you can't stop eating sweets every day，try having an apple every time you want that candy bar．Finally，if you feel you need more help，consider seeing a therapist （治療專家），who will give you tools to change the actual behavior．
Addictions or compulsions？
Paragraph outlinesSupporting details
（71）Differencesbetween additions and compulsions●When you are addicted to something，you （72）dependon it psychologically and physically，and you'll get physically ill when you give it up．
●A compulsion is a strong desire to do something，and you have （73）difficultycontrolling it．
Kate's case●She was so fond of buying shoes that she always bought those shoes that （74）attracther，especially when she felt stressed or sad．
●However，if she forced herself to resist shoe shopping，she wouldn't get ill physically．
（75）Reasonsof compulsions●A compulsion can be genetic or environmental．
●A person can suffer from compulsions when his brain lose
（76）balanceof chemicals．
Signs of compulsions●You're so busy doing the behavior that you fail to （77）concentrateon your work．
●You're experiencing the negative （78）effectof the behavior on your life．
●You can't stop the behavior．
Treatments for compulsions●Admit your problem and try to know the roots of the behavior．
●Try to （79）interruptor at least postpone the behavior．
●Change the way you do the behavior．
●（80）Turningto a therapist for more help．

分析 本文主要講述強(qiáng)迫行為的原因，跡象和治療．

解答 71   Differences  根據(jù)文章第一 段Addiction means being psychologically and physically dependent on something．However，a compulsion is just a strong desire to do something，which you find difficult to control． 可知第一段把上癮和強(qiáng)制行為進(jìn)行了比較．
72  depend  根據(jù)文章第一 段Addiction means being psychologically and physically dependent on something． 可知上癮的意思是：在身心上依賴一些東西．
73  difficulty  根據(jù)文章第一 段However，a compulsion is just a strong desire to do something，which you find difficult to control． 可知強(qiáng)制行為是做某種事情的欲望，難以控制．
74  attract 根據(jù)文章第二 段and she found it nearly impossible to pass up a pair that caught her eye． 可知她發(fā)現(xiàn)難以抵抗漂亮的鞋的吸引．
75  Reasons  根據(jù)文章第三 段Many different causes are behind the phenomena． 可知這種現(xiàn)象后有很多不同的起因．
76  balance  根據(jù)文章第三 段An imbalance of chemicals in the brain called neurotransmitters （神經(jīng)介質(zhì)） may also be to blame． 可知化學(xué)物質(zhì)的不平衡也是強(qiáng)制行為的原因之一．
77  concentrate  根據(jù)文章第三 段 For example，are you having trouble concentrating on work because you're spending time shopping online？可知你是否在集中注意力方面有困難？
78  effect  根據(jù)文章第三 段Is the behavior negatively affecting one or more areas of your life？可知這種行為是否消極地影響了生活的其他方面？
79  interrupt  根據(jù)文章最后一段And then try to interrupt or at least postpone the behavior． 可知試圖中斷或者退出強(qiáng)制行為．
80  Turning  根據(jù)文章最后一段if you feel you need more help，consider seeing a therapist （治療專家），可知如果你需要要幫助，考慮向治療專家尋求幫助．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 在答題中，應(yīng)分四步來答題：掌握文章大意，理清短文結(jié)構(gòu)，分析表格結(jié)構(gòu)，確定表格答案在原文中找出問題．在原文段落中，找出題干所包括的信息部分，這樣就可以快速準(zhǔn)確地抓住有效信息，確保答題的準(zhǔn)確性．

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20．Many years ago my student asked me the question，"Mrs．Kindred，why do you teach？"Without taking time to reflect，I answered，"Because someday I might say something that might make a difference in someone's life．"Even though I was sincere，that wasn't a very good answer and my student didn't let it slide．
"Let me get this straight，"he said，"You went to college for four years so you could come here every day because you have the hope that someday you might say something that will influence someone？"He shook his head as if I were crazy and walked away looking confused．I'm one of those people who look back and wish they had said something smart or witty，or swift．
Even though that particular student might no longer wonder why I teach，there are days when I wonder．On those days，I remind myself of the real reasons I teach：
It's in my blood．My mother was my most influential teacher，and she was a 6th grade reading teacher until her death in 1990．She instilled（逐漸灌輸） in me a love of reading and the knowledge that education opens doors．
Teaching is a way to make a difference．If you throw a stone in a pond the ripples go on and on until they reach the shore．You can't have ripples without a"stone．"Good teachers throw stones that make a positive difference，and that's what I try to do．
I genuinely love teenagers．
I want to share with others what I know and what I have learned through the years．Life is full of ups and downs，and if I can help students avoid some potholes on the road of life，I want to do so．If they'll allow me to celebrate their victories with them，I want to do too．
Teaching isn't for everyone，but I know I made the right career choice．

21．Why did the student continue to ask the question about the writer's being a teacher？A
A．Because he thought her answer was unbelievable．
B．Because the writer was insincere．
C．Because the student was naughty．
D．Because the answer was difficult to understand．
22．What do you think of the writer？B
A．Stupid．          B．Honest．
C．Conservative．    D．Polite．
23．According to the text，which of the following is NOT true？D
A．The writer's mother has the greatest influence on her．
B．The writer's answer made the student confused．
C．In the writer's opinion，some people in the world are unfit to teach．
D．The writer annoyed the student who asked the question．
24．What's the main idea of the text？D
A．A student's silly question．
B．A good teacher who likes students．
C．A confused student．
D．The reason why I teach．

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