8.Eat like a king in the morning,a prince at noon,and a peasant at night.This saying is all about the importance of breakfast.And now scientists can tell us just why it's so important.According to a study carried out at Imperial College London,UK,skipping the first meal of the day not only means you eat more at lunch,but also that your brain wants to find more unhealthy foods.
The study suggests that there is a special part of our brain called the orbitofrontal cortex (眶額皮層),which plays an important part in making choices about what we eat.It is used for identifying the taste of food,especially when skipping breakfast.It is more likely to target high-calorie foods when you're on an empty stomach.
Scientists did an experiment on this.Dr Tony Goldstone from Imperial College London,scanned (掃描) the brains of 21men and women,around the age of 25.On the first day,these people skipped breakfast before the scans.On the second day,they had cereal (谷物),bread and jam as breakfast.After the scan on both days,they had their lunch.
When the volunteers had skipped breakfast,they ate around 20percent more at lunch,compared with days when they had eaten breakfast.Their brain scans also showed the orbitofrontal cortex was especially responsive to high-calorie foods."We believe that bit identifies the value of foods-how pleasant,how delicious something is,"Goldstone told The Guardian.
28.From Paragraph 1,we learn thatA.
A.scientists found out why eating breakfast is important
B.it's easy to lose weight without breakfast
C.there's no need to have good food for supper
D.eating breakfast makes your brain smarter
29.Which is the correct order for the experiment on the first day?C
①The volunteers skipped breakfast.
②The volunteers had lunch.
③The volunteers had a brain scan.
A.①②③B.③②①C.①③②D.③①②
30.Which of the following is NOT true about the orbitofrontal cortex?B
A.It is part of our brain.
B.It tells people to eat breakfast.
C.It decides which food we like.
D.It is active toward high-calorie foods.
31.Which of the following can be the title for this passage?A
A.Breakfast still most important
B.Three meals a day
C.Experiments on breakfast
D.Researches on lunch.
分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀,作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了早餐的重要性,并且科學(xué)家通過實驗來證實了這句話是正確的.
解答 29--31 ACBA
28.A.主旨大意題.第一段 now scientists can tell us just why it's so important.提出觀點"早餐的重要性",然后介紹科學(xué)家通過實驗證明了這一觀點的正確性.故選A.
29.C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題,本文的關(guān)鍵詞是order定位文章第三段On the first day,these people skipped breakfast before the scans.After the scan on both days,they had their lunch.第一天人們掃描前不吃早餐,然后吃午餐.由此可判斷C項正確.
30.B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)題意定位于文章第二段,第二段people skipped breakfast before the scans.On the second day,they had cereal (谷物),bread and jam as breakfast.After the scan on both days,they had their lunch.主要介紹了眶額皮層的作用,文中提到眶額皮層是大腦的一部分,它可以辨別食物的味道,如果我們不吃早餐的話,它會把高熱量食物定位目標(biāo),因此可以判斷B項是錯誤的.
31.A.主旨大意題.本題的關(guān)鍵詞title,本文主要介紹了早餐的重要性,并且科學(xué)家通過實驗來證實了這句話是正確的,故選A.
點評 學(xué)生需要認(rèn)真閱讀原文,把握文章大意,對文章脈絡(luò)有整體的了解,能仔細(xì)查找文中細(xì)節(jié),并能根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容進(jìn)行合理的推測判斷.