【題目】閱讀理解
How to deal with waste has been a problem since humans started producing it. As more and more people choose to live close together in cities, the waste-disposal (處理) problem becomes increasingly difficult.
During the eighteenth century, it was usual for several neighboring towns to get together to select a faraway spot as a dump site. Residents or trash haulers (垃圾拖運(yùn)者) would transport household rubbish, rotted wood, and old possessions to the site. Periodically (定期的) some of the trash was burned and the rest was buried. The unpleasant sights and smells caused no problem because nobody lived close by.
Factories, mills, and other industrial sites also had waste to be disposed of (處理). Those located on rivers often just dumped (傾倒) the unwanted remains into the water. Others built huge burners with chimneys (煙囪) to deal with the problem.
Several facts make these choices unacceptable to modem society. The first problem is space. Dumps, which are now called landfills, are most needed in heavily populated areas. Such areas rarely have empty land suitable for this purpose. Property is either too expensive or too close to residential (住宅區(qū)的) neighborhoods. Long-distance trash hauling has been a common practice, but once farm areas are refusing to accept rubbish from elsewhere, cheap land within trucking distance of major city areas is almost nonexistent (不存在).
Awareness (意識(shí)) of pollution dangers has led to more strict rules of waste disposal. Pollution of rivers, ground water, land and air is a price people can no longer pay to get rid of waste. The amount of waste, however, continues to grow.
Recycling efforts have become commonplace, and many towns require their people to take part. Even the most efficient recycling programs, however, can hope to deal with only about 50 per cent of a city's reusable waste.
（1）The most suitable title for this passage would be .
A.Places for Disposing Waste
B.Waste Disposal Problem
C.Ways of Getting Rid of Waste
D.Waste Pollution Dangers
（2）During the 18th century, people disposed their waste in many ways EXCEPT for .
A.recycling it
B.burying it
C.burning it
D.throwing it into rivers
（3）What can be inferred from the fourth paragraph?
A.Farm areas accept waste from the city in modern society.
B.There is cheap land to bury waste in modem society.
C.Ways to deal with waste in modem society stay the same.
D.It is difficult to find space to bury waste in modern society.
（4）The main purpose of writing this article is to .
A.tell people a better way to get rid of the waste.
B.warn people of the pollution dangers we are facing.
C.call on people to take part in recycling programs.
D.draw people's attention to waste management.

【答案】
（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】本文是一篇議論文，論述了廢物處理的問(wèn)題。
（1）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段”How to deal with waste has been a problem since humans started producing it. As more and more people choose to live close together in cities, the waste-disposal (處理) problem becomes increasingly difficult.“可知這篇文章主要講了廢物處理的問(wèn)題，選B。
（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段”During the eighteenth century, it was usual for several neighboring towns to get together to select a faraway spot as a dump site. Residents or trash haulers (垃圾拖運(yùn)者) would transport household rubbish, rotted wood, and old possessions to the site. Periodically (定期的) some of the trash was burned and the rest was buried. The unpleasant sights and smells caused no problem because nobody lived close by.“這一段落主要介紹了十八世紀(jì)，人們處理垃圾的方法，并沒(méi)有提到回收廢物，故選A。
（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段”Several facts make these choices unacceptable to modem society.“可推斷出現(xiàn)代社會(huì)處理廢物的方法仍然保持不變，選C。
（4）考查寫作意圖。這篇文章主要講了廢物處理的問(wèn)題，在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)處理廢物的方法仍然保持不變，各種原因使得人們無(wú)法接受，所以作者寫這篇文章的目的是引起人們對(duì)廢物管理的注意，選D。

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