Question

【題目】By far the most common difficulty in study is simple failure to get down to regular concentrated work. This difficulty is much greater for those who do not work to a plan and have no regular routine of study. Many students muddle along, doing a bit of this subject or that, as the mood takes them, or letting their set work pile up until the last possible moment.

Few students work to a set timetable. They say that if they did work out a timetable for themselves they would not keep to it, or would have to change it frequently, since they can never predict from one day to the next what their activities will be.

No doubt some students take much more kindly to a regular routine than others. There are many who shy away from a self-controlled weekly timetable, and dislike being tied down to a fixed program of work. Many able students state that they work in cycles. When they become interested in a topic they work on it attentively for three or four days at a time. On other days they avoid work completely. It has to be admitted that we do not fully understand the motivation to work. Most people over 25 years of age have become used to a work routine, and the majority of really productive workers set aside regular hours for the more important areas of their work. The “tough-minded” school of workers doesn’t fully accept the idea that good work can only be done naturally, under the influence of inspiration.

Those who believe that they need only work and study as the fit takes them have a mistaken belief either in their own talent or in the value of “freedom”. Freedom from control and discipline leads to unhappiness rather than to “self-expression” or “personality development”. Our society insists on regular habits, timekeeping and punctuality (being on time), and whether we like it or not, if we mean to make our way in society, we have to meet its demands.

【1】The most widespread problem in applying oneself to study is __________ .

A. changing from one subject to another

B. the failure to keep to a set timetable of work

C. the unwillingness to work out a systematic plan

D. working on a subject only when one feels like it

【2】Which of the following is TRUE?

A. Many students are not interested in using a self-controlled timetable.

B. Many students don’t like being told to study to a fixed timetable.

C. Most people over 25 years of age don’t work to a set timetable.

D. Tough-minded people agree that good work is done naturally.

【3】The underlined part “as the fit takes them” means __________.

A. when they have the energy

B. when they are in the mood

C. when they feel fit

D. when they find conditions suitable

【4】A suitable title for the passage might be __________.

A. Attitudes to Study

B. A Study Plan

C. The Difficulties of Studying

D. Study and Self-discipline

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】A

【3】B

【4】D

【解析】

試題分析：本文旨在勸導(dǎo)人們，特別是學(xué)生注意如何高效的學(xué)習(xí)，根據(jù)工作制定時(shí)間計(jì)劃表和做到自律。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段：By far the most common difficulty in study is simple failure to get down to regular concentrated work. This difficulty is much greater for those who do not work to a plan and have no regular routine of study.（到目前為止，學(xué)習(xí)上最常見的困難是在著手開始規(guī)定且集中的工作上的簡單失敗。對于那些不按計(jì)劃學(xué)習(xí)和在學(xué)習(xí)上沒有定期安排的人是一個(gè)較大的困難）。A.從一個(gè)科目換到另一個(gè)科目B.未能遵守一組工作時(shí)間表C.不愿制定一個(gè)系統(tǒng)的計(jì)劃D.從事于一個(gè)科目只有當(dāng)自己喜歡的時(shí)候，排除A,D；文中沒有提到他們不愿意制定系統(tǒng)的計(jì)劃，只是有計(jì)劃他們不愿意執(zhí)行或者拖延下去，故選B.

【2】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。A. 許多學(xué)生對用自律的時(shí)間表沒有興趣。B.許多學(xué)生不喜歡被告知按照規(guī)定好了的時(shí)間表來學(xué)習(xí)C.許多超過25歲的人不按時(shí)間表來工作D.堅(jiān)強(qiáng)意志的人同意好的工作應(yīng)該最自然的被完成。根據(jù)第二段：Few students work to a set timetable. They say that if they did work out a timetable for themselves they would not keep to it, or would have to change it frequently, since they can never predict from one day to the next what their activities will be.（許多學(xué)生不按照時(shí)間表來學(xué)習(xí)。他們說就算他們?yōu)樽约褐贫ǔ鲆粋�(gè)時(shí)間表，他們也不會(huì)按照它來，或者不得不經(jīng)常改變它，因?yàn)樗麄円膊荒茴A(yù)測出從這一天到下一天他們的活動(dòng)會(huì)是什么），B選項(xiàng)，不存在學(xué)生喜不喜歡的問題，排除；第三段：Most people over 25 years of age have become used to a work routine,（許多年齡超過25歲的人們開始一個(gè)工作例行程序）排除C；第三段：The “tough-minded” school of workers doesn’t fully accept the idea that good work can only be done naturally. (意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的人們不完全接受好的工作應(yīng)該最自然的被完成這種說法)，排除D，故選A.

【3】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。A.當(dāng)他們有精力的時(shí)候B.當(dāng)他們興致勃勃的時(shí)候C.當(dāng)他們精力很好的時(shí)候D.當(dāng)他們發(fā)現(xiàn)條件適合的時(shí)候；最后一段：Freedom from control and discipline leads to unhappiness rather than to “self-expression” or “personality development”. Our society insists on regular habits, timekeeping and punctuality (being on time), and whether we like it or not, if we mean to make our way in society, we have to meet its demands.（從控制和紀(jì)律中出來的自由導(dǎo)致的是不快樂而不是“自我表現(xiàn)”或者“自我發(fā)展”。我們的社會(huì)要求的仍然是規(guī)律的習(xí)慣，守時(shí)和準(zhǔn)時(shí)，不管你是否喜歡。如果我們想在這個(gè)社會(huì)有所作為，我們必須適應(yīng)它的要求。）可以得出前文旨在告訴我們叫我們工作或是學(xué)習(xí)不要那么的任性妄為，一切隨性，我行我素，不要興致來了才開始著手做要做的事情，要不論何時(shí)都做到按計(jì)劃來，守時(shí)和準(zhǔn)時(shí)是在社會(huì)上立足的必要條件，故選B.

【4】主旨大意題。A.學(xué)習(xí)的態(tài)度B.一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃C.學(xué)習(xí)的困難D.學(xué)習(xí)和自律；文章開始講到現(xiàn)在學(xué)生們學(xué)習(xí)的困難普遍在于沒有嚴(yán)格遵守學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃的時(shí)間表來，得過且過。其次講了他們不按計(jì)劃來的原因以及按計(jì)劃走和自律的重要性。最后總結(jié)旨在告誡讀者做事不要任性，要按照紀(jì)律和規(guī)矩辦事。故選D.