閱讀下列短文, 從每題所給的選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卷上將該項涂黑。
D
Around the globe, the tourist trade is booming and you are promised to enjoy all the comfort and convenience of modern tourism. The first-class systems of communication by air, sea and land make it possible for us to visit each other’s countries at a moderate cost. What was once the ‘grand tour’, reserved for only the very rich, is now within most people’s grasp. The package tour and chartered flights (包機) are quite popular to us. Modern travelers enjoy a level of comfort which those on grand tours in the old days couldn’t have dreamed of. With all this coming and going, you would expect greater understanding to develop between the nations of the world. Not a bit of it! So what’s the sense of this mass exchange of populations if the nations of the world remain basically ignorant of each other? So there is a great misdirection in tourist business, especially in conducted tour items.
Many tourist organizations are directly responsible for this state of affairs. They purposely set out to “protect” their passengers from too much contact with the local population. Modern tourists lead a protected and separated life. They live at international hotels, where they eats their international food and sips their international drink while gazing at the natives from a distance. Designed tours to places of interest are carefully arranged. The tourists are allowed to see only what the organizers want them to see and no more. A strict schedule makes it impossible for the tourists to wander off on their own; and anyway, language is always a barrier, so they might only be too happy to be protected in this way.
At its very worst, this merely leads to a new and terrible kind of colonization. The sad thing about this situation is that it leads to the persistence of certain old ideas of other nations and countries. We don’t see the people of other nations as they really are, but as we have been brought up to believe what they are, even staying along with that from text books during our schooling.
You can test this for yourself. Take five nationalities, say, French, German, English, American and Italian. Now in your mind, match them with these five adjectives: musical, emotional, cold, pedantic (愛追究的), native. Far from providing us with any insight into the national characteristics of the peoples just mentioned, these adjectives just actually act as barriers, for we can’t do the job with certainty. So, frequently, when you set out on your travels, the only characteristics you notice are those which confirm what you have already obtained as the first conceptions in your mind. And you get home only with the highly unoriginal and inaccurate impression, such as the saying, “Anglo-Saxons are hypocrites (偽君子)” and “Latin peoples shout a lot ”. However, to gain the real understanding, you only have to make a few foreign friends and you will know how ridiculousridiculous ridiculous ridiculous and harmful some old conceptions of other nations are. But how can you make foreign friends when the tourist trade does its best to prevent you?
Being carried to an extreme, stereotypes can be positively dangerous. A very wild and limited outlook may stir up racial hatred and blind us to the basic fact — how reasonless it sounds! – that all people are human. We are all similar to each other, while at the same time all unique.
小題1:What does “grand tour” bring people now?
A．It only offers us reasonable cost.B．It is the best way of modern tourism.
C．It is not liked by rich people.D．It is available for the majority to enjoy it.
小題2:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．By travelling abroad, one can know a certain country well.
B．Making friends is impossible for anyone staying abroad.
C．The tourist organizations have the best way to do their duty.
D．Traveling conditions are much more improved than before.
小題3:Which word in the following is the best to summarize “Latin people shout a lot”?
A．Silent.B．Noisy.C．Lively.D．Active.
小題4:The purpose of the author’s writing is to point out ______.
A．conducted tour should be stoppedB．the way of touring should be changed
C．gained knowledge can’t be renewed D．some nations stay the same as before
小題5:What is the author’s attitude toward the present tourism?
A．Objective B．Negative.C．Critical.D．Appreciative.
小題6: The main idea for this passage is that ______.
A．tourism does little to increase understanding between nations
B．tourism is terrible without the work of the tourist organizations
C．conducted tour is so dull that nobody wants to accept it now
D．tourism really does something wonderful to many countries

小題1:D
小題1:D
小題1:B
小題1:B
小題1:C
小題1:A

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Some scientists have proposed setting a noise limit of one hundred and twenty decibels in oceans. They have observed that noises at that level can frighten and confuse whales.
A team of American and Canadian scientists discovered that louder noises can seriously injure some animals. The research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose their hearing. This seriously affected the whales' ability to exchange information and find their way. Some of the whales even died. The explosions had caused their ears to bleed and become infected.
Many researchers whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit of one hundred and twenty decibels. They say such a limit would mean an end to important industrial and scientific research.
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A．Different places with different types of noises.
B．The very human ears sensitive to all types of noises.
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D．The same noise measured differently on land and in the ocean.
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A．prevent them from doing their research work
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B．young drivers were often bad drivers.
C．Drivers should not be allowed to drink.
D．the legal drinking age should be raised.
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A．seriousB．cruel C．mercifulD．determined
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A．judges are giving more severe sentences
B．new laws are introduced in some states
C．the news media have highlighted the problem
D．drivers are more conscious of their image
小題4: Why is the problem of drinking and driving difficult to solve？
A．Because alcohol is easily obtained.
B．Because drinking is linked to organized crime.
C．Because legal prohibition has already failed.
D．Because making laws alone is not sufficient.

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