18.Animal experimentation is the backbone(支柱,基礎(chǔ)) of American research and treatment of disease.Each year,17million to 22million animals are sacrificed in the name of science.While 90percent of them are rats and mice,180,000dogs,50,000cats,61,000monkeys and 554,000rabbits are done away with in laboratories operated by industry and government.
But the public has raised an outcry(導(dǎo)致抗議) over these deaths.Spurred(驅(qū)策,刺激) vivid(生動(dòng)的) reports of cruelty,the animal rights movement is made up of 7,000organizations with 10million members.They've documented cases in which monkeys were isolated(隔離) in steel tanks(箱、柜) for 45days and dogs were bombarded(轟擊、輻射) with radiation or chemicals until they bled from the mouth.
Scientists say such incidents are rare.Laws have been passed to govern testing.Many research centers now have committees to review all proposed animal experiments,and computers can be used in place of animals in many experiments.But scientists say they can't do without animals to test new drugs and treatments on animals to make sure they're safe for humans.Animal experiments produced vaccines(疫苗) or treatments for diseases such as diabetes(糖尿病),and techniques used in open heart surgery.They're important to efforts to find a treatment for AIDS.
Animal rights activists have shown they will go to almost any length.One New York researcher received more than 10,000protest(抗議) letters following publicity of her experiments in which she gave drugs to monkeys.The researcher was studying drug addiction.A protester was arrested in Connecticut for placing a pipe bomb(鐵管土炸藥)outside a company that used animals in tests.After fires and break-ins,many labs have bought electronic locks and alarms for protection.Other targets of the animal rights movement are the fur industry,farms,and school biology classes in which children dissect(解剖) frogs.
The movement has scored some successes.A dozen states no longer allow pounds(獸欄)──places that accept dogs and cats that have no homes──to sell animals to scientists.Scientists claim the cost of their work will rise as a result.
The battle between scientists and activists raises a basic question:Can modern society be both humane(仁慈的) in its treatment of living things and advanced in its treatment of disease?It seems certain there will be new restrictions placed on the use of animals in scientific experiments.
58.The main idea of the article isA.
A.fewer animals should be taken to laboratories
B.Americans are questioning the use of animals in experiments
C.mice and rats make the best subjects for experiments
D.scientific experiments can be carried out without animals
59.Animal experiments will probably continue becauseC.
A.scientists insist they are harmless
B.the groups that oppose them aren't very big or powerful
C.they are critical for understanding and curing human disease
D.there are enough regulations to protect animals from abuse
60.Supporters of animal rights are most convincing when theyD.
A.explode bombs at laboratories that conduct scientific tests
B.point out the diseases that have been cured by scientists
C.threat their own pets kindly
D.give examples of animals that were mistreated in labs
61.Scientists will be satisfied only ifA.
A.they can continue using animals in their experiments
B.the animal rights movement comes to a stop.
C.they install locks and alarms on their labs
D.their supply of animals is increased significantly.
分析 本文是一篇科教類閱讀,主要講的是動(dòng)物保護(hù)者認(rèn)為應(yīng)該少用動(dòng)物做科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn).
解答 58-61.ACDA
58題答案:A考查主旨大意,本文主要講的是動(dòng)物保護(hù)者認(rèn)為應(yīng)該少用動(dòng)物做實(shí)驗(yàn);故本題答案為A選項(xiàng).
59題答案:C考查細(xì)節(jié)推理,根據(jù)文章第一段的Animal experimentation is the backbone(支柱,基礎(chǔ)) of American research and treatment of disease動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)是美國疾病研究與治療的基礎(chǔ).故本題答案為C選項(xiàng).
60題答案:D考查細(xì)節(jié)推理,根據(jù)文章第二段的They've documented cases in which monkeys were isolated(隔離) in steel tanks(箱、柜) for 45days and dogs were bombarded(轟擊、輻射) with radiation or chemicals until they bled from the mouth.他們已經(jīng)記錄了猴子被隔離在箱子里長達(dá)45天之久、狗狗被輻射或者是化學(xué)物質(zhì)轟擊直到它們口吐鮮血.可知?jiǎng)游锉Wo(hù)者記錄的這些例子是最具有說服力的,因此本題答案為D選項(xiàng).
61題答案:A考查細(xì)節(jié)推理,根據(jù)文章最后一段的The battle between scientists and activists raises a basic question:Can modern society be both humane(仁慈的) in its treatment of living things and advanced in its treatment of disease?科學(xué)家與活動(dòng)家之間的戰(zhàn)爭提出了一個(gè)基本問題:現(xiàn)代社會(huì)能否既在對待生命體中仁慈又能在疾病治療方面進(jìn)步?可知科學(xué)家還是希望"動(dòng)物能夠被用于試驗(yàn)",故本題答案為A選項(xiàng).
點(diǎn)評 本文是一篇科教類閱讀,題目涉及多道細(xì)節(jié)理解題,做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對 性找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案.推理判斷也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確的答案.