10.短文改錯(cuò).此題要求改正所給短文中的錯(cuò)誤
May I have you attention please?I have a little things to tell you.When you have a class here in the language lab,please be here a little early.Change your shoes before enter the lab.Don't bring anything here except your text books.When you are into,please don't touch these machine without permission.Always do as the teacher tell you to.In class you should only speak the English,not Chinese.Recorders can be used make a copy of the listening materials.When class over,turn off your machines and leave the lab one by one.

分析 本文主要向?qū)W生們說明了到實(shí)驗(yàn)室上課時(shí)的具體要求以及注意事項(xiàng).

解答 May I have you attention please?I have a little things to tell 
you.When you have a class here in the language lab,please 
be here a little early.Change your shoes before enter the lab.
Don't bring anything here except your text books.When you are
 into,please don't touch these machine without permission.Always 
do as the teacher tell you to.In class you should only speakthe English,
not Chinese.Recorders can be used∧make a copy of the listening materials.
When class∧over,turn off your machines and leave the lab one by one.

詳解:
1.you改為your   考查形容詞性的物主代詞     此處在句中作定語,修飾名詞attention,故用形容詞性的物主代詞your.
2.little改為few  考查形容詞   little通常修飾不可數(shù)名詞,few修飾可數(shù)名詞;此處用來修飾可數(shù)名詞things;故用few.
3.early改為earlier   考查形容詞的比較級     此處用在 a little 之后,表達(dá)的意思是:請?jiān)缫稽c(diǎn)到這里;故用earlier.
4.enter改為entering或在enter前加you   考查介詞或連詞   當(dāng)before為介詞時(shí),其后應(yīng)跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語;當(dāng)before為連詞時(shí),其后應(yīng)跟一個(gè)完整的句子;故用entering或在enter前加you.
5.into改為in   考查介詞    in是表示物體位置的靜態(tài)介詞,意為"在…里面";into是表示動(dòng)作方向的動(dòng)態(tài)介詞,意為"到…里面去";此處的意思是:當(dāng)你在里面的時(shí)候;故用in.
6.machine改為machines    考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)    由于此處的修飾詞是 these"這些",所以這里應(yīng)使用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,故用machines.
7.tell改為tells   考查時(shí)態(tài)及主謂一致    根據(jù)上文講述了在通常情況下,到實(shí)驗(yàn)室上課時(shí)的注意事項(xiàng)以及具體要求,可知此處應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);由于主語the teacher為第三人稱單數(shù);故用tells.
8.去掉the   考查零冠詞   由于English在這里指的是"英語",因此它的前面不能加定冠詞the,即在表示某種語言的詞前都不能加定冠詞;故去掉the.
9.在make前加to   考查固定短語    be used to do sth.意為:被用來做某事;這里指的是:錄音機(jī)可以被用來制作聽力材料的副本;故在make前加to.
10.在over前加is  考查時(shí)態(tài)及系動(dòng)詞   由于形容詞over不能單獨(dú)作謂語,因此應(yīng)在它的前面加be,與over一起構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)作謂語;根據(jù)上下文都使用了一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),可知此處的答案應(yīng)為:在over前加is.

點(diǎn)評 短文改錯(cuò)是集語法知識與語言技能為一體的綜合性試題,主要考查學(xué)生對詞匯、語法和語篇三要素的把握能力.錯(cuò)誤類型一般有:缺詞、多詞和錯(cuò)詞.常見的錯(cuò)誤有:1 詞法錯(cuò)誤,主要包括動(dòng)詞、名詞、冠詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞和介詞等詞類誤用、同義詞混淆使用、固定搭配等方面.解答此類試題時(shí),需要正確分析句子成分,熟練掌握各詞類的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等.2 常見句法錯(cuò)誤.通常表現(xiàn)為簡單句、復(fù)合句以及疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句等錯(cuò)誤.解答此類試題時(shí),需要掌握各類句子的句式結(jié)構(gòu)及意義用法.3 應(yīng)在理解文章大意的前提下,進(jìn)行作答.

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