Question

【題目】 Driving while talking on the phone increases the likelihood of an accident and is actually more dangerous than driving drunk, U.S. researchers report. This holds true whether the driver is holding a cell phone or using a handsfree device.

“As a society, we have agreed on not tolerating the risk associated with drunk driving,”said researcher Frank Drews, an assistant professor of psychology at the University of Utah.“This study shows us that somebody who is conversing on a cell phone is exposing him or herself and others to a similar risk — cell phones actually are a higher risk,”he said.

In the study, 40 people followed a pace car along a prescribed course, using a driving simulator （模擬儀）. Some people drove while talking on a cell phone, others drove while drunk（meaning their blood-alcohol limit matched the legal limit of 0.08 percent）, and others drove with no such distractions. The researchers found an increased accident rate when people were conversing on the cell phone. Drivers on cell phones were 5.36 times more likely to get in an accident.

The bottom line: Cellphone use was linked to“a significant increase in the accident rate,” Drews said.

The phone users did even worse than the inebriated, the Utah team found. There were three accidents among those talking on cell phones — all of them involving a rearending（追尾） of the pace car. In contrast, there were no accidents recorded among participants who were drunk.

In response to safety concerns, some states have declared it illegal to use hand held cell phones while driving. But that type of law may not be effective, because the Utah researchers found no difference in driver performance whether the driver was holding the phone or talking on a handsfree model.

“We have seen again and again that there is no difference between handsfree and handheld devices,”Drews said.“The problem is the conversation. The best solution to the problem is obvious: Don’t talk on the phone while you are driving. ”

【1】Which group of drivers performed worst in the study?

A.Those phone users.

B.Those who are drunk.

C.Those following a pace car.

D.Those with hearing problems.

【2】What does the underlined phrase“the inebriated”in paragraph 5 refer to?

A.The drunk drivers.

B.The researchers.

C.The cellphonefree drivers.

D.The Utah team.

【3】What can be concluded from the last two paragraphs?

A.Driver performance has nothing to do with the use of mobile phones.

B.It is timely to ban the use of handheld phones while driving.

C.The Utah researchers find the traffic safety law works as well as before.

D.Talking on the phone while driving should be avoided.

【4】In which section of a newspaper is this text from?

A.Sports.

B.Economy.

C.Society.

D.Entertainment.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】A

【3】D

【4】C

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。文章主要就司機在駕駛途中撥打或接聽電話這一現(xiàn)象可能會造成的一些問題進行了研究和探討。

【1】細節(jié)理解題。由第三段The researchers found an increased accident rate when people were conversing on the cell phone. Drivers on cell phones were 5.36 times more likely to get in an accident.可知，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，當人們打電話時，事故率會增加。使用手機的司機發(fā)生交通事故的可能性要高出5.36倍。所以開車打電話的司機在研究中表現(xiàn)最差。故選A項。

【2】詞義猜測題。由第五段There were three accidents among those talking on cell phones — all of them involving a rearending（追尾） of the pace car. In contrast, there were no accidents recorded among participants who were drunk.可知，在那些打電話的人當中有三起事故ーー所有這些事故都涉及到跑車的追尾。 相比之下，在喝醉的參與者中沒有事故記錄。由此判斷出這里是打電話的駕駛員和那些醉酒的駕駛員作對比，可推出此處the inebriated 指代的是醉酒駕駛者。故選A項。

【3】推理判斷題。由最后一段The best solution to the problem is obvious: Don’t talk on the phone while you are driving. 可知，解決這個問題的最好辦法很明顯：開車時不要打電話。由此判斷出從最后兩段可以得出的結(jié)論是開車時不要打電話。故選D項。

【4】推理判斷題。本文講述研究表明開車打電話比酒后駕車更糟。由此判斷出此篇屬于社會現(xiàn)象類的短文，這篇文章來自報紙的社會版面。故選 C項。

由上下文的語境是解決詞義猜測題的重要解題方法。劃線詞的意思往往是我們要猜測的意思。我們可以通過已知的上下文的詞匯或者句子來猜測未知的意思。

由第五段There were three accidents among those talking on cell phones — all of them involving a rearending（追尾） of the pace car. In contrast, there were no accidents recorded among participants who were drunk.可知，在那些打電話的人當中有三起事故ーー所有這些事故都涉及到跑車的追尾。 相比之下，在喝醉的參與者中沒有事故記錄。由此判斷出這里是打電話的駕駛員和那些醉酒的駕駛員作對比，可推出此處the inebriated 指代的是醉酒駕駛者。故小題2選A項。