Question

【題目】Many people think that listening is a passive business. It is just the opposite. Listening well is an active exercise of our attention and hard work. It is because they do not realize this, or because they are not willing to do the work, that most people do not listen well.

Listening well also requires total concentration upon someone else. An essential part of listening well is the rule known as ‘bracketing’. Bracketing includes the temporary giving up or setting aside of your own prejudices and desires, to experience as far as possible someone else’s world from the inside, stepping into his or her shoes. Moreover, since listening well involves bracketing, it also involves a temporary acceptance of the other person. Sensing this acceptance, the speaker will seem quite willing to open up the inner part of his or her mind to the listener. True communication is under way and the energy required for listening well is so great that it can be accomplished only by the will to extend oneself for mutual growth.

Most of the time we lack this energy. Even though we may feel in our business dealings or social relationships that we are listening well, what we are usually doing is listening selectively. Often we have a prepared list in mind and wonder, as we listen, how we can achieve certain desired results to get the conversation over as quickly as possible or redirected in ways more satisfactory to us. Many of us are far more interested in talking than in listening, or we simply refuse to listen to what we don’t want to hear.

It wasn’t until toward the end of my doctor career that I have found the knowledge that one is being truly listened to is frequently therapeutic(有療效的). In about a quarter of the patients I saw, surprising improvement was shown during the first few months of psychotherapy(心理療法), before any of the roots of problems had been uncovered or explained. There are several reasons for this phenomenon, but chief among them, I believe, was the patient’s sense that he or she was being truly listened to, often for the first time in years, and for some, perhaps for the first time ever.

【1】The phrase “stepping into his or her shoes” in paragraph 2 probably means ________.

A. preparing a topic list first

B. focusing on one’s own mind

C. directing the talk to the desired results

D. experiencing the speaker’s inside world

【2】What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 2?

A. How to listen well.

B. What to listen to.

C. Benefits of listening.

D. Problems in listening

【3】According to the author, in communication people tend to ________.

A. listen actively

B. listen purposefully

C. set aside their prejudices

D. open up their inner mind

【4】According to the author, the patients improved mainly because ________.

A. they were taken good care of

B. they knew they were truly listened to

C. they had partners to talk to

D. they knew the roots of problems

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】A

【3】B

【4】B

【解析】

試題分析:善于傾聽使交往通暢，雙方共同成長。傾聽要全聚焦，懂得認(rèn)同；傾聽要精氣足，學(xué)會海納百川。作者利用傾聽心理療法治愈了他的病人，就是一個很好的例證。

【1】D 推理判斷題。由上文Bracketing includes the temporary giving up or setting aside of your own prejudices and desires, to experience as far as possible someone else’s world from the inside.和下文Sensing this acceptance, the speaker will seem quite willing to open up the inner part of his or her mind to the listener.可以得知，his or her shoes隱喻為the inner part of his or her mind。故選D。

【2】A 段落大意題。第二段中心句Listening well also requires total concentration upon someone else.接著從兩個方面①An essential part of listening well is the rule known as ‘bracketing’.②Moreover, since listening well involves bracketing, it also involves a temporary acceptance of the other person.來闡述如何聽的有效果。故選A。

【3】B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第三段Even though we may feel in our business dealings or social relationships that we are listening well, what we are usually doing is listening selectively.可知，在交流中人們傾向于有目的的聽。故選B。

【4】B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中最后一段There are several reasons for this phenomenon, but chief among them, I believe, was the patient’s sense that he or she was being truly listened to, often for the first time in years, and for some, perhaps for the first time ever.可知，病人狀況改善的原因是因?yàn)樗麄冎�道他們真的被人傾聽，故選B。