As hand-held devices such as smartphones are becoming more common, users are reporting some new physical problems. Florida chiropractor Dean Fishman began noticing an increased number of patients talking about neck and shoulder pain. He discovered these symptoms were due to the overuse of hand-held devices, particularly the action of bending the neck, and then coined the term “Text Neck.” As if the painful symptoms weren’t bad enough, Fishman warns that an untreated case of Text Neck could lead to permanent spinal(脊椎) damage.
Other doctors have warned about “iPad Hand,” a condition that occurs when people use tablets like the iPad for hours at a time. Most people use their left hand to support the tablet and their right hand to tap or scroll. Doing this for long periods without changing positions can result in severe joint pain.
In order to avoid or reduce the possibility of getting Text Neck or iPad Hand, use the following basic ergonomic(人體工學的) principles:
Avoid awkward positioning. Don’t strain your neck, and stay aware of how you are positioned in relation to the device. Make sure that both your neck and shoulders are relaxed and that you aren’t leaning over for a long period of time.
Take frequent breaks when using any kind of mobile device. Many doctors recommend that users change their position every 15 minutes.
When using a tablet, use a case that can support the device on a table or your lap at a comfortable viewing angle.
Along with a case, use a separate keyboard with your tablet. This will be more comfortable since you’ll be resting both hands on the keyboard. And since you won’t be holding the tablet, you’ll be less likely to experience hand or arm pain.
小題1:What kind of product for hand-held devices does the writer discuss?
A．One for recording.B．One for charging.
C．One for telephoning.D．One for typing.
小題2:Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “coined” (Para1)?
A．cashedB．createdC．changedD．completed
小題3:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．If you are holding an iPad for long periods, it could cause spinal damage.
B．Text Neck symptoms include long-term damage in the back.
C．You are advised to lean over in relation to the device.
D．You should rest your hands on the keyboard at times.
小題4:In which magazine would you most likely find this article?
A．Personal FinanceB．Science Fiction Monthly
C．Mind and BodyD．Smartphone World

小題1:D
小題2:B
小題3:B
小題4:C

試題分析：這篇文章主要講的是長期用手機發(fā)短信對人的頸部和后背造成的傷害，解釋造成損壞的原因和后果，已經(jīng)如何解決這樣的問題。
小題1:推理題：從第二段的句子：Most people use their left hand to support the tablet and their right hand to tap or scroll.說明人們一個手拿著手機，一個手打字，可知文章中討論的電話產(chǎn)品是用來打字的，選D
小題2:猜詞題：A. cashed支付現(xiàn)款，兌現(xiàn)B. created創(chuàng)造，C. changed改變，D. completed完成，從第一段的句子：可知是人們創(chuàng)造出“Text Neck.”這個名詞，形容長期用手機造成的頸部問題的癥狀，選B
小題3:細節(jié)題：從第一段的句子：Fishman warns that an untreated case of Text Neck could lead to permanent spinal(脊椎) damage.可知Text Neck癥狀包括長期的背部損壞，選B
小題4:文章出處題：四個選項分別是：A. Personal Finance個人財經(jīng)， B. Science Fiction Monthly每月科幻小說，C. Mind and Body身心健康，D. Smartphone World手機世界，這篇文章主要講的是手機發(fā)短信對人的頸部和后背造成的傷害，所以是出自Mind and Body，選C。
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An Australian researcher is urging parents to load up their teenager’s backpack and make them walk to school.
Professor Leon Straker says students who walk or cycle to school are less likely to have back and neck pain. But the study of 1,202 Western Australian 14­year­old found that 72% of students travelled to school by car or bus. Straker says the study suggests walking or cycling while carrying a schoolbag helps improve trunk (軀干) and spinal (脊柱的) muscle strength.
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Straker says the study also stresses that neck pain is as common as back pain among young teenagers. This is an area that has been largely ignored，he says，but can be an important indicator of neck pain into adulthood.
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Straker says about half of all participants experienced back and neck pain，with slightly more females reporting neck pain. However，the gender (性別) difference may also be due to the fact that females have lower pain tolerance.
Studies from the 1980s found carrying a bag over one shoulder was most common among teenagers. However in this study 85% of participants carried their bag over both shoulders.
Straker believes the change has been driven partly through education campaigns，but also by increasing fashion status of backpacks and improved design.
小題1:In the opinion of Leon Straker，parents should________.
A．reduce the load of their children’s schoolbags
B．put more books in their children’s schoolbags
C．get their children’s schoolbags ready for school
D．a(chǎn)sk their children to walk to school carrying schoolbags
小題2:If a child weighs 40 kilograms，the weight of his schoolbag should be________.
A．no more than 15 kg
B．less than 6 kg
C．a(chǎn)s heavy as 9 kg
D．more than 6 kg
小題3:We can learn from the passage that________.
A．most of the students in Australia walk to school
B．neck pain is uncommon among young teenagers
C．walking while carrying a backpack helps reduce back pain
D．males are more likely to experience back pain than females
小題4:According to the passage，what change has taken place since the 1980s?
A．How students carry their schoolbags.
B．How heavy students’ schoolbags are.
C．How students go to school every day.
D．How long students carry their schoolbags for.

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