Question

第四部分：任務(wù)型閱讀(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)

請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。

注意：請(qǐng)將答案寫在答題卡上相應(yīng)題號(hào)的橫線上。每個(gè)空格只填1個(gè)單詞。

For more than twenty years scientists have been seeking to understand the mystery of the‘‘sixth sense"of direction．By trying out ideas and solving problems one by one，they are now getting closer to one answer．

One funny idea is that animals might have a built-in compass(指南針)．

Our earth itself is a big magnet(磁體)．So a little magnetic needle that swings freely lines

itself with the big earth magnet to point north and south．When people discovered that idea about athousand years ago and invented the compass，it allowed sailors to navigate (航海)on oceanvoyages, even under

cloudy skies.

 Actuallly the idea of the living compass came just from observing animals in nature．

 Many birds migrate twice a year between their summer homes and winter homes．Some of them fly for thousands of kilometers and mostly at night．Experiments have shown that some birds can recognize star patterns．But they can keep on course even under cloudy skies．How can they do that?

A common bird that does not migrate but is great at finding its way home is the homing pigeon．Not all pigeons can find their way home．Those that can are very good at it，and they have been widely studied．

One interesting experiment was to attach little magnets to the birds’ heads to block their

magnetic sense—just as a loud radio can keep you from hearing a call to dinner．On sunny days, that did not fool the pigeons．Evidently they can use the sun to tell which way they are going．But on cloudy days，the pigeons with magnets could not find their way．It was as if the magnets had blocked their magnetic sense．

Similar experiments with the same kind of results were done with honeybees．These insects also seem to have a special sense ot direction．

In spite of the experiments，the idea of an animal compass seemed pretty extraordinary．How

would an animal get the magnetic stuff for a compass.

An answer came from an unexpected source．A scientist was studying bacteria that live in the

mud of ponds and marshes．He found accidentally little rod-like bacteria that all swam together in

one direction—north．

Further study showed that each little bacterium had a chain of dense particles inside，which

proved magnetic．The bacteria had made themselves into little magnets that could line up with the

earth’s magnet．

The big news was that a living thing，even a simple bacterium，can make magnetite．That led

to a search to see whether animals might have it.. By using a special instrument called magnetometer，scientists were able to find magnetite in bees and birds，and even in fish．In each

animal，except for the bee．the magnetic stuff was always in or closer to the brain．

Thus．the idea of a built—in animal compass began to seem reasonable．

The Magnetic Sense — The Living Compass
Passage outline	Supporting details
The existence of the earth magnet and the invention of the navigating compass	◇Our earth is a big magnet and a little freely (71)   ▲    magnetic needle lines itself with the earth magnet to point north and south. ◇(72)   ▲   on the idea above, the navigating compass was invented.
The possibility of birds’ built-in compasses	◇ One piece of evidence is the (73)   ▲    of many birds between their summer homes and winter homes. ◇ Birds can recognize star patterns on clear nights and keep on course (74)   ▲     under cloudy skies
The  (75)   ▲     on pigeons’ and bees’ built-in compasses	◇Little magnets were tied to the pigeons’ heads to (76)   ▲     their magnetic sense. ◇The pigeons’ magnetic sense seemed to be affected on (77)   ▲    days. ◇Similar things with the same results were done with bees.
The  (78)   ▲     of the magnetic stuff for the animal compass	◇Little rod-like bacteria were found by chance to swim together in the direction of (79)   ▲    . ◇Some animals had a chain of dense magnetic particles in or close to the (80)   ▲     inside their bodies.

Answer 1

71. swinging    72 .Based    73. migration    74 .even

75. experiments／tests／study／research        76. block

77. cloudy    78. discovery    79. north       80 .brain(s)

解析:

71. 根據(jù)第三段第二句中“…that swings freely lines…”可知此處需用swinging“擺動(dòng)的”，注意此處詞性的轉(zhuǎn)換。

72.  根據(jù)第三段第三句“when people discovered that idea about a thousand years ago and invented the compass…”可知指南針是根據(jù)此原理設(shè)計(jì)而成，be based on“以……為基礎(chǔ)，根據(jù)”，此處用Based。注意大寫，且用過(guò)去分詞。

73.  根據(jù)第五段句首“many birds migrate twice…”可知此處指鳥的遷徙，注意要用migrate的名詞形式，即migration。

74.  根據(jù)第五段倒數(shù)第二句“but they can keep on course even under cloudy skies”可知此處用even。

75.  根據(jù)第七段首句“one interesting experiment was to…”可知此處表示“實(shí)驗(yàn)”，注意此處用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

76.  根據(jù)第七段首句“…to block their magnetic sense”可知此處用block“阻止，限制”。

77.  根據(jù)第七段倒數(shù)第二句“but on cloudy days, the pigeons…”可知此處用cloudy。

78.  根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二，三兩段可知此處表示科學(xué)家的又一發(fā)現(xiàn)，故用Discovery，注意需用名詞形式。

79.  根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段最后一句“…that all swam together in one direction---north”可知此處用north。

80.  根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“… was always in or closer to the brain”可知此處用brain(s)。