Why do people drink too much, eat too much, smoke cigarettes or take drugs? What’s to blame for all the bad behavior? Most people would say that, while these self-destructive (自我毀滅的) acts can have many root causes, they all have one obvious thing in common: they are all examples of failures of self-control, lacking the will power to resist them.
According to a recent study, however, if you really think about it, something about that simple answer doesn’t quite make sense. In fact, it turns out that sometimes it’s having will power that really gets you into trouble.
Think back to the time you took your very first sip (啜飲) of beer. Disgusting, wasn’t it? When my father gave me my first taste of beer as a teenager, I wondered why anyone would voluntarily drink it. And smoking? No one enjoys their first cigarette — it tastes awful. So even though smoking, and drinking alcohol or coffee, can become temptation (誘惑) you need will power to resist, they never, ever start out that way.
Just getting past those first horrible experiences actually requires a lot of self-control. Ironically (諷刺的是), only those who can control themselves well, rather than give in to them, can ever come to someday develop a “taste” for Budweiser beer, Marlboro cigarettes, or dark-roasted Starbucks coffee. We do it for social acceptance. We force ourselves to consume alcohol, cigarettes, coffee and even illegal drugs, in order to seem experienced, grown-up, and cool.
These bad habits aren’t self-control failures — far from it. They are voluntary choices, and they are in fact self-control successes. Self-control is simply a tool to be put to some use, helpful or harmful. To live happy and productive lives, we need to develop not only our self-control, but also the wisdom to make good decisions about when and where to apply it.
小題1:What do most people think causes bad behavior?
A．Being forced by others.
B．Not having enough will power.
C．Enjoying their first experiences.
D．Following the examples of their friends.
小題2:The author mentions his experience in the third paragraph to prove ____.
A．will power helps develop bad habits sometimes
B．drinking beer is harmful to the health of teenagers
C．self-control should be developed when one is young
D．everyone can be challenged by different temptations
小題3:In the last paragraph, the author stresses that ____.
A．without self-control, no one can succeed
B．bad habits don’t always lead to bad results
C．a(chǎn)pplying self-control correctly is important
D．people can develop wisdom from bad behavior
小題4:What would be the best title for the passage?
A．My First Sip of Beer
B．Do You Have Will Power ?
C．Will Power Benefits Us
D．Dark Side of Self-control

小題1:B
小題2:A
小題3:C
小題4:D
文章講述的是我們的很多壞習慣都是由自我控制引起的。故文章講述的是自我控制的不好的一方面。
小題1:B 細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩行they are all examples of failures of self-control, lacking the will power to resist them.可知B正確。
小題2:A 推理題。根據(jù)第三段最后三行. So even though smoking, and drinking alcohol or coffee, can become temptation (誘惑) you need will power to resist, they never, ever start out that way.可知正是我們的意志力讓我們?nèi)旧狭四切〾牡牧晳T。故A正確。
小題3:C 推理題。根據(jù)文章最后一句the wisdom to make good decisions about when and where to apply it.可知做出明智的決定是最重要的。也就是正確運用自我控制力很重要。故C正確。
小題4:D 主旨大意題。文章講述的是我們的很多壞習慣都是由自我控制引起的。故文章講述的是自我控制的不好的一方面。
練習冊系列答案
相關習題

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

It is difficult for doctors to help a person with a damaged brain. Without enough blood, the brain lives for only three to five minutes. More often the doctors can' t fix the damage. Sometimes they are afraid to try something to help because it is dangerous to work on the brain. The doctors might make the person worse if he operates on the brain.
Dr. Robert White, a famous professor and doctor, thinks he knows a way to help. He thinks doctors should make the brain very cold. If it is very cold, the brain can live without blood for 30 minutes. This gives the doctor a longer time to do something for the brain.
Dr. White tried his idea on 13 monkeys. First he taught them to do different jobs, then he operated on them. He made the monkeys' blood go through a machine. The machine cooled the blood. Then the machine sent the blood back to the monkeys' brains. When the brain' s temperature was 10°C, Dr. White stopped the blood to the brain. After 30 minutes he turned the blood back on. He warmed the blood again. After their operations the monkeys were like they had been before. They were healthy and busy. Each one could still do the jobs the doctor had taught them.
小題1:The biggest difficulty in operating on the damaged brain is that _______.
A．the time is too short for doctors
B．the patients are often too nervous
C．the damage is extremely hard to fix
D．the blood-cooling machine might break down
小題2:The brain operation was made possible mainly by _______.
A．taking the blood out of the brain
B．trying the operation on monkeys first
C．having the blood go through a machine
D．lowering the brain' s temperature
小題3:With Dr. White' s new idea, the operation on the damaged brain _______.
A．can last as long as 30 minutesB．can keep the brain' s blood warm
C．can keep the patient' s brain healthyD．can help monkeys do different jobs
小題4:What is the right order of the steps in the operation?
a. send the cooled blood back to the brain
b. stop the blood to the brain
c. have the blood cooled down
d. operate on the brain
A．a(chǎn),b,c,dB．c,a,b,dC．c, b, d, aD．b, c, d, a

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

High Speed Book Scanner
Simply turning pages of a book quickly may not seem like the best way to scan it. A Japanese research group at Tokyo University has created new software that allows hundreds of pages to be scanned within minutes. Scanning text is normally a boring process with each page having to be inserted into a scanner, but the team led by Professor Masatoshi Ishikawa uses a high speed camera that takes 500 pictures a second to scan pages as they are turned by workers.
Normal scanners can only scan the information that is actually before them on the page. This high speed book scanner uses a camera that captures pages at 1000fps as they are turned. A system built in allows it to automatically correct any changes to the text due to the page bending as well as light differences due to shadows. “It takes a shot of the shape, then it calculates the shape and uses those calculations to film the scanning,” Ishikawa said, explaining the system used to reconstruct the original page.
The current system is able to scan an average 250-page book in a little over 60 seconds using basic computer hardware. While it now requires extra time to process the scanned images (影像), the researchers hope to eventually make the technology both faster and much smaller. “In the more distant future, once it becomes possible to put all of this processing on one chip (芯片) and then put that in an iPad or iPod, one could scan just using that chip. At that point, it becomes possible to scan something quickly to save for later reading,” Ishikawa said.
Being able to scan books with an iPhone may be further off, but Ishikawa says that a commercial version of the large-scale computer based scanning system could be available in two or three years. While the technology has the potential to take paper books into the digital age, it remains to be how publishers will react to people scanning their books while just turning pages quickly.
小題1:According to the passage, the advantage of the new scanning software is that ______.
A．there is no need to scan every page
B．it can work much more effectively
C．no manpower is needed in operating the scanner
D．it can make the scanning process more interesting
小題2:According to Ishikawa, the scanner works by_____.
A．changing the shape of the images
B．reducing the size of the images
C．reconstructing the original page
D．scanning several pages at the same time
小題3:What is Ishikawa’s attitude towards the development of the scanning system?
A．Optimistic.B．Uncertain.C．Disapproving.D．Cautious.
小題4:What does the underlined sentence mean?
A．People will get any book they like more easily.
B．Publishers will refuse to comment on the new software.
C．Publishers will probably not welcome the new software.
D．People won’t need to buy books any more with an iPhone.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Egypt: Bridging the Gap between School English and Real English
Teaching English in Egypt in general and in my town Damietta in particular, is mainly directed towards helping students to pass their final exams. Unfortunately, most teachers do not adopt a long -term approach that guarantees that their students will be able to use English outside the classroom. So students only concentrate on one skill which is writing. Thus their listening and speaking skills are disabled. What is important to them is to pass the exam which is primarily based on writing .Teachers are not only concentrated with providing their students with questions that are similar to those of the final exam, particularly General Secondary Education Certificate (GSEC) Examination, so students spend most of their time answering typical exam questions.
Most students' scores are high; a lot of students get full marks. However, few students are able to communicate in English because their role plays. As a result, a lot of students complain that they are unable to understand and talk fluently with native speakers of English.
To enable students to communicate freely and spontaneously(自然地) in English, I bring features of real communication into language practice, I always ask students about their own experiences, and suggest groups of students practice what they have learned outside the classroom. This helps lower-achieving students absorb language. Furthermore, role play is a very effective way to improve speaking skills particularly if it is connected to the experience of the students.
小題1:Who probably write this passage?
A．a(chǎn) teacherB．a(chǎn) governorC．a(chǎn) studentD．a(chǎn) reporter
小題2:In Egypt, the students only concentrate on ------
A．listening skillB．speaking skillC．reading skillD．writing skill
小題3:The teachers question their students based on -------
A．what they learn in the class
B．What their parents expect
C．The questions that are similar to those of GSEC
D．The ability that will be used outside the classroom
小題4:Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A．Most of the students can't get high marks but can communicate with the native speakers of English.
B． Communicating skill is more important than writing skill.
C．Role play connected to the speaker's experience is more effective
in improving his skill.
D．The lower--achieving students can do better in speaking skill than the upper achieving students.
小題5:Who will responsible for the gap between school English and real English?
A．Their parentsB．The studentsC．The schoolD．The education sys tem

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today. People didn’t have modern machines. There was no modern medicine, either.
Life today has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily. Air    pollution is the most serious kind of pollution. It’s bad to all living things in the world.
Cars, planes and factories all pollute our air every day. Sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog.
Many countries are making rules to flight pollution. Factories must now clean their water before it is thrown away, and they mustn’t blow dirty smoke into the air.
We need to do many other things. We can put waste things in the dustbin and do not throw them on the ground, there will be less pollution.
Rules are not enough. Every person must help to fight pollution.
小題1:Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today because ______.
A．there were not any modern machines
B．there was no modern medicine
C．both A and B
D．there were not many people
小題2:What is the biggest problem in today’s life?
A．Water pollution
B．Air pollution
C．Noise
D．Pollution
小題3:The most serious kind of pollution is ______.
A．noise pollution
B．a(chǎn)ir pollution
C．water pollution
D．A, B and C
小題4:Factories must clean their water ______.
A．before they are thrown away
B．when they are thrown away
C．a(chǎn)fter it is thrown away
D．before it is thrown away
小題5:From the passage we know that ______.
A．a(chǎn) few years ago, there was no smog at all
B．today people don’t have to talk to each other in a loud voice
C．we can drink water from the polluted rivers and lakes
D．people are making rules in order to fight pollution

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

An earthquake happens when two plates rub (碰撞) together. The earth plates travel in different directions and at different speeds. If one plate is slowly forced underneath the other,  pressure builds up until the plates break apart. This process causes the ground to move. It is an earthquake. In other words, earth-quakes are the shaking of the earth’s surface caused by the earth’s rocky outer layer as a result of the energy stored within the earth. The strain within the rocks is suddenly released (釋放).
The damage an earthquake causes depends on where it is and the time it is happening. If an unpopulated region is struck, there will be low loss of life or property. If it hits a large city, there may be many in-juries and much destruction. Many of the areas at risk are largely populated now. Major earthquakes hitting those areas today could produce terrible damage.
Actually, there are several million small earth-quakes every year.  Large earthquakes such as the 1964 Alaskan quake that measured 9.2 on the Richter scale, cause millions of dollars in damage. In the last 500 years, millions of people have been killed by earth-quakes around the world — including 240,000 in the 1976 Tangshan earthquake in China.
A 60-second or less earthquake can cause devastation that continues for years after the first tremor (小震). In 1972, a series of severe earthquakes struck Managua, Nicaragua. Fifteen years later, the city still looked the way it had a week after the earthquake hit, because the country did not have the necessary money to rebuild it.
The shaking of the earth is sometimes not the greatest disaster. It is in the ensuing fires and floods that often the greatest damage occurs. In the 1906 earthquake, it was the fires caused after it that did the majority of the damage. An earthquake can also destroy dams high above a city or valleys, causing floods to sweep down and sweep away everything in their path.
小題1:Which of the following is the main idea of the first paragraph?
A．An earthquake comes from inside the earth.
B．The earth has great energy in storage.
C．How the earth plates move.
D．How an earthquake happens.
小題2:How many examples are used in the passage to show the damage and destruction earthquakes cause?
A．Three. B．Four. C．Five.D．Six.
小題3:Which of the following is mentioned to show that an earthquake can kill too many people?
A．The 1964 Alaskan quake.
B．The 1976 Tangshan earthquake.
C．The 1972 Managua earthquake.
D．The 1906 earthquake.
小題4:The underlined word “ensuing” in the last paragraph probably means ______.
A．causing too much heat and great damage
B．causing many injuries and much destruction
C．happening as a result of another event
D．happening suddenly and unexpectedly
小題5:By giving the example in Paragraph 4, the author wants to show that ______.
A．a(chǎn)n earthquake doesn’t last long
B．the damage can last long
C．people in Managua suffered too much
D．Nicaragua is still a poor country

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Have you ever wondered why birds sing? Maybe you thought that they were just happy．After all, you probably sing or whistle when you are happy．
Some scientists believe that birds do sing some of the time just because they are happy．However, they sing most of the time for a very different reason．Their singing is actually a warning to other birds to stay out of their territory．
Do you know what a "territory" is? A territory is an area that an animal, usually the male, claims as its own ．Only he and his family are welcome there ．No other families of the same species are welcome．Your yard and house are your territory where only your family and friends are welcome．If a stranger should enter your territory and threaten you, you might shout．Probably this would be enough to frighten him away．
If so, you have actually scared the stranger away without having to fight him．A bird does the same thing．But he expects an outsider almost any time, especially at nesting （筑巢） season．So he's screaming （高聲尖叫） all the time, whether he can see an outsider or not．This screaming is what we call a bird's song, and it is usually enough to keep an outsider away．
Birds sing loudest in the spring when they are trying to attract a mate and warn others not to enter the territory of theirs．You can see that birds have a language of their own．Most of it has something to do with attracting mates and setting up territories．
小題1:Some scientists believe that most of the time birds' singing is actually
A．a(chǎn)n expression of happiness
B．a(chǎn) way of warning
C．a(chǎn)n expression of anger
D．a(chǎn) language of their own
小題2:What is a bird's "territory"?
A．A place where a bird may shout at the top of its voice．
B．A place where other bird families are not accepted．
C．An area for which birds fight against each other．
D．An area which a bird considers to be its own
小題3:Why do birds keep on singing at nesting season?
A．Because their singing helps frighten outsiders away．
B．Because their singing helps get rid of their fears．
C．Because they want to find outsiders around．
D．Because they want to invite more bird friends．
小題4:How does the writer explain birds' singing?
A．By comparing birds with human beings．B．By reporting experimental results．
C．By describing birds'daily life．D．By telling a bird's story．

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

You've heard of the fat suit and the pregnancy suit；now meet AGNES—the old person suit．
AGNES stands for “Age Gain Now Empathy(換位體驗) System” and was designed by researchers at MIT's AgeLab to let you know what it feels like—physically—to be 75 years old．“The business of old age demands new tools，”said Joseph Coughlin，director of the AgeLab．“While focus groups and observations and surveys can help you understand what the older consumer needs and wants，young marketers never get that‘Ah ha!’moment of having difficulty opening a jar, or getting in and out of a car．That’s what AGNES provides．”
Coughlin and his team carefully adjusted the suit to make the wearer just as uncomfortable as an old person who has spent a lifetime eating poorly and not doing much exercise．Special shoes provide a feeling of imbalance，while braces on the knees and elbows limit joint mobility．Gloves give the feeling of decreased strength and mobility in the hands and wrists，and earplugs make it difficult to hear high—pitched sounds and soft tones．A helmet with straps(帶)attached to it presses the spine(脊柱)，and more straps attached to the shoes decrease hamstring flexibility, and shortens the wearer's step．
AGNES has been used most recently by a group of students working on a design of an updated walker．By wearing the suit they could see for themselves what design and materials would make the most sense for a physically limited older person．Coughlin said the suit has also been used by clothing companies，car companies and retail goods companies to help them understand the limitations of an older consumer．
“AGNES is not the destiny of everybody,” he said．“She is a badly behaved lady who didn't eat and exercise very well．A secondary benefit we’ve found with AGNES is that it has become a powerful tool to get younger people to invest in their long-term health．”
小題1:AGNES has been developed to       ．
A．make the users more comfortable
B．1et us understand old people better
C．help old people move more quickly
D．produce new tools for the old-age business
小題2:“An updated walker”(underlined)most likely refers to    ．
A．someone who travels a lot
B．a(chǎn) physically limited old person
C．some equipment that helps old people walk
D．a(chǎn) company whose service involves old people
小題3:Which may be a fact resulting from the “secondary benefit” of AGNES?
A．Young people respect old people．
B．Old-age business improves their service
C．Old people eat and exercise well．
D．Young people eat and exercise well．

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Mexico's neighbours are the United States to the north and Guatemala and Belize to the south. Mexico is about one quarter of the size of the United States. Mexico has more than ninety million people. The language of Mexico is Spanish. This makes Mexico the world's largest Spanish-speaking country.
Mexico City is the capital and largest city of Mexico. The city is also very high. It is 7349 feet high (2240 metres). This makes it one of the highest capital cities in the world. The population, of Mexico City grows bigger every day. About thirty million people live there. It has more people than any other city in the world, even more than Tokyo.
Mexico also has its specialities. Many of the foods we eat started in Mexico. Foods like beans, maize, avocados, tomatoes, peanuts, chili peppers, vanilla, and chocolate come from Mexico. Mexico is also famous for its cactus (仙人掌) plants. Mexico has more kinds of cactus than any other country.
小題1:Mexico is ____the USA.
A. on the south of     B. on the north of    
C. a part of      D. as large as
小題2:Mexicans speak______.
A．EnglishB．Spanish C．FrenchD．Latin(拉丁語)
小題3:Which of the following is NOT true?
A．Mexico City is the capital of Mexico.
B．The population of Mexico City is 30,000,000.
C．Tokyo is one of the cities with the largest population.
D．Mexico City is the highest city in the world.
小題4:Tomatoes were originally (最初) grown in ______.
A．America B．SpainC．TokyoD．Mexico
小題5:The best title (題目) of the passage is ___.
A．Mexico CityB．Mexico's plantsC．Mexico D．Mexico's population

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習冊答案