Question

The garden city was largely the invention of Ebenezer Howard (1850-1928). After immigrating from England to the USA, and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer, he moved to Chicago, where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous(災(zāi)難性的) fire of 1871. In those days, it was nicknamed “the Garden City”, almost certainly the source of Howard’s name for his later building plan of towns. Returning to London, Howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing on ideas that were popular at the time, but creating a unique combination（結(jié)合） of designs.
The nineteenth-century poor city was in many ways a terrible place, dirty and crowded; but it offered economic and social opportunities. At the same time, the British countryside was in fact equally unattractive: though it promised fresh air and nature, it suffered from agricultural depression(蕭條) and it offered neither enough work and wages, nor much social life. Howard’s idea was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement, the garden city. Howard’s idea was that a group of people should set up a company, borrowing money to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside; far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price.
Garden cities would provide a central public open space, radial avenues and connecting industries. They would be surrounded by a much larger area of green belt, also owned by the company, containing not merely farms but also some industrial institutions. As more and more people moved in, the garden city would reach its planned limit-----Howard suggested 32,000 people; then, another would be started a short distance away. Thus, over time, there would develop a vast planned house collection, extending almost without limit; within it, each garden city would offer a wide rang of jobs and services, but each would also be connected to the others by a rapid transportation system, thus giving all the economic and social opportunities of a big city.
【小題1】How did Howard get the name for his building plan of garden cities?

A．Through his observation of the country life.

B．Through the combination of different ideas.

C．By taking other people’s advice.

D．By using the nickname of the reconstructed Chicago.

【小題2】The underlined phrase “drawing on ”in Paragraph 1 probably means______.

A．making use of	B．making comments on
C．giving an explanation of	D．giving a description of

【小題3】According to Howard, garden cities should be built______.

A．a(chǎn)s far as possible from existing cities

B．in the countryside where the land was cheap

C．in the countryside where agriculture was developed

D．near cities where employment opportunities already existed

【小題4】What can we learn about garden cities from the last paragraph?

A．Their number would continue to rise

B．Each one would continue to become larger

C．People would live and work in the same place

D．Each one would contain a certain type of business

【小題5】What could be the best title for the passage?

A．City and Countryside	B．The Invention of the Garden City
C．A New City in Chicago	D．A Famous Garden City in England

Answer 1

【小題1】D
【小題2】A
【小題3】B
【小題4】A
【小題5】D

解析試題分析：本文介紹了Ebenezer Howard最先發(fā)明出來的The garden city的發(fā)展過程和相關(guān)的信息。
【小題1】D 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段4,5行In those days, it was nicknamed “the Garden City”, almost certainly the source of Howard’s name for his later building plan of towns.說明D項正確。
【小題2】A 推理題。根據(jù)本句Returning to London, Howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing on ideas that were popular at the time, but creating a unique combination（結(jié)合） of designs.說明他成分利用了這個想法創(chuàng)造出一種獨特的設(shè)計方面的結(jié)合。
【小題3】B 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段最后3行borrowing money to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside; far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price.說明這樣的地方應(yīng)該是在土地相對便宜的鄉(xiāng)下，故B項正確。
【小題4】A 推理題。根據(jù)最后一段3,4,5行As more and more people moved in, the garden city would reach its planned limit-----Howard suggested 32,000 people; then, another would be started a short distance away說明一個花園城市建成以后，人口太多了以后在附件就會出現(xiàn)另外一個花園城市，故花園城市的數(shù)量在不斷增加，故Ａ正確。
【小題5】D 主旨大意題。本文主要就是介紹了Ebenezer Howard最先發(fā)明出來的The garden city的發(fā)展，故D項正確。
考點：考查歷史知識類短文
點評：本文的內(nèi)容較為抽象，考生不是很熟悉，以推理題的考查為主，推理判定題要在閱讀理解整體語篇的基礎(chǔ)上，把握文章的真正內(nèi)涵。①要吃透文章的字面意思，從字里行間捕捉有用的提示和線索，這是推理的前提和基礎(chǔ);②要對文字的表面信息進(jìn)行挖掘加工，由表入里，由淺入深，從具體到抽象，從非凡到一般，通過分析、綜合、判定等，進(jìn)行深層處理，符合邏輯地推理。不能就是論事，斷章取義，以偏概全。③要忠實于原文，以文章提供的事實和線索為依據(jù)。立足已知，推斷未知。立足現(xiàn)在，猜測未來。不能主觀臆想，憑空想象，隨意揣測，更不能以自己的觀點代替作者的觀點;④要把握句、段之間的邏輯關(guān)系，了解語篇的結(jié)構(gòu)。要體會文章的基調(diào)，揣摸作者的態(tài)度，摸準(zhǔn)邏輯發(fā)展的方向，悟出作者的弦外之音。