Question

【題目】根據(jù)短文理解，選擇正確答案。
Humans have launched themselves into the outer space. They've landed on the moon. They've built habitable space stations that orbit the Earth. The next giant leap for mankind is to reach another planet – specifically, Mars.
The problem is that it's no easy task. The planet is 586 times further away from the Earth than the moon, and it'll take around 180 to 220 days to reach Mars, depending on where each planet is in its orbit. Such long periods in space have suggested many potential health problems, including hormonal changes, skin conditions, and muscle and bone deterioration (損耗).
Here's where some furry friends come in. A wide range of animals have been in space, from fruit flies and spiders to cats, and dogs. Such experiments began as far back as the late 1940s in first tests to see if living things could withstand the extreme g-force (重力) of a rocket launch.
Mice continue to play a very important part in space experiments, mainly because the animals make excellent test subjects. They're small, which makes them inexpensive and easy to care for. In addition, their size and short life span make it possible to do the equivalent of several human years of tests in a much shorter time. Finally, because mice are mammals, they share many common characteristics with humans in terms of genetics, biology and behavior.
Astromice have hit the headlines recently, as a team of scientists led by Betty Nusgens, professor of biology at the University of Liege in Belgium, found that the mice suffered a 15 percent thinning of their skin after 91 days aboard the International Space Station (ISS).
This experiment was part of a wider NASA mission (任務(wù)) called the Mice Drawer System (MDS). The Italian Space Agency developed the facility, which allows six mice to be housed, monitored, and automatically fed and watered aboard the ISS, among which three survived during the mission.
The mice have participated in 20 separate experiments, to study such effects as osteoporosis (骨質(zhì)疏松癥), anemia (貧血) and heart health.
Results for the 20 experiments are coming in gradually. But it's clear that mice continue to play an important role in the ongoing quest to conquer the final frontier.
（1）We can infer from Paragraphs 2-3 that ______.
A.Mars is the farthest planet away from Earth discovered so far
B.animals that have been sent into space have mostly survived
C.it was in the late 1940s that animals were first sent to the ISS
D.the journey to Mars could put humans' health at risk
（2）The underlined word “withstand” in Para.3 means _________.
A.set up
B.come across
C.work out
D.hold up
（3）According to Betty Nusgens and her team, the mice aboard the ISS ______.
A.all survived for the duration(期間) of the mission
B.suffered the loss of part of their skin
C.were fed and watered by the astronauts
D.participated in 20 experiments that made great breakthroughs
（4）The main purpose of the article is to _____.
A.analyze how mice could pave the way to Mars
B.report on the results of the Mice Drawer System
C.describe the role mice play in scientific research
D.change people's traditional attitudes toward mice

Answer 1

【答案】
（1）D
（2）D
（3）B
（4）A
【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了在太空探索中，老鼠其中很重要的作用。尤其是在人類探索火星的時候，老鼠能夠幫助我們鋪平前進(jìn)的道路。

⑴考查推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的”Such long periods in space have suggested many potential health problems, including hormonal changes, skin conditions, and muscle and bone deterioration (損耗).“可知前往火星充滿力量危險，人們也許會遇見很多健康方面的問題。故D項正確。

⑵考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第二段中的”Such long periods in space have suggested many potential health problems, including hormonal changes, skin conditions, and muscle and bone deterioration (損耗).“可知在前往火星的太空中會有很多危險，人們可能會遇見很多健康方面的問題。所以人們選擇先讓老鼠這類的動物代替人類進(jìn)入太空，檢查它們是否可以承受太空中的危險。故D項正確。

⑶考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段中的”the mice suffered a 15 percent thinning of their skin after 91 days aboard the International Space Station (ISS).“可知人們發(fā)現(xiàn)老鼠在太空中91天以后，它們的皮膚有了問題。故B項正確。

⑷考查主旨大意。本文屬于科普說明文，介紹了在太空探索中，老鼠其中很重要的作用。尤其是在人類探索火星的時候，老鼠能夠幫助我們鋪平前進(jìn)的道路。故A項正確。