You do not need every word to understand the meaning of what you read. In fact, too much emphasis (強調(diào)) on separate words both slows your speed and reduces your comprehension.
First, any habit which slows down your silent reading to the speed at which you speak or read aloud, is inefficient. If you point to each word as you read, or move your head, or form the words with your lips, you read poorly. Less obvious habits also hold back reading efficiency (效率). One is "saying" each word silently by moving your tongue or throat; another is "hearing" each word as you read.
These are habits which should have been outgrown long ago. The beginning reader is learning how letters can make words, how written words are pronounced, and how sentences are put together. Your reading purpose is quite different, which is to understand meaning.
It has been supposed that up to 75% of the words in English sentences are not really necessary for expressing the meaning. The secret of silent reading is to find out those key words and phrases which carry the thought, and to pay less attention to words which exist only for grammatical completeness.
An efficient reader can grasp the meaning from a page at least twice as fast as he can read the page aloud. He takes in a whole phrase or thought unit at a time. If he “says" or "hears" words to himself, they are selected ones, said for emphasis.
小題1:This passage is mainly about ______.
A．improving eye movement
B．reading more widely
C．changing poor reading habits
D．reading as fast as you can
小題2:Saying each word to yourself as you read _____.
A．improves comprehension
B．increases reading speed
C．gives too much emphasis
D．reduces reading efficiency
小題3:Your reading purpose should be _____.
A．to understand all the words
B．to make fewer eye movements
C．to understand meaning
D．to understand the grammatical structures
小題4:While reading, efficient readers usually _____.
A．move their eyes quickly
B．take in whole phrases or thought units
C．point at key words
D．read only important points for speed
 
小題1:D
小題2:D
小題3:C
小題4:B

試題分析：文章介紹了如何提高閱讀的速度，不能太關注每個單詞，也比能把每個單詞都讀出來，理解含義是最終目的，所以有效的閱讀者是理解整個的短語和意思。
小題1:主旨題：從第一段的句子：too much emphasis (強調(diào)) on separate words both slows your speed and reduces your comprehension.可知這篇文章主要講的是怎樣提高閱讀速度，選D
小題2:細節(jié)題：從第二段的句子：If you point to each word as you read, or move your head, or form the words with your lips, you read poorly. Less obvious habits also hold back reading efficiency (效率).可知把每個單詞都讀出來會放慢閱讀速度，選 D
小題3:細節(jié)題：從第三段的句子：Your reading purpose is quite different; it is to understand meaning.可知閱讀的目的是理解意思，選C
小題4:細節(jié)題：從最后一段的句子：He takes in a whole phrase or thought unit at a time. 可知有效的閱讀者是理解整個的短語和意思，選B
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How to Study Smarter, Not Harder
Here are some of our favorite study tips that will help any student study smarter, not harder:
Recite As You Study
Reciting—saying things out loud should first take place as you read through each paragraph or section. Test yourself. This will help you to understand as well as learn faster because it is more active than reading or listening. It will also help you to notice your mistakes and the topics you have trouble understanding.
Take Fuller Notes
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Study the Middle
The best time to review is soon after you’ve learned something. You are more likely to remember the material at the beginning and the end of the lesson, so make sure you focus on the middle when you review.
Sleep On It
Study before going to bed, unless you are very tired. It’s easier to remember material you’ve just learned after sleeping than after an equal period of daytime activity, because your brain continues to think even after you’ve fallen asleep.
Combine Memory and Understanding
There are two ways to remember: by memorizing and by understanding. Multiplication tables, telephone numbers, and math formulas are better learned by rote. Ideas are best learned by understanding.
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